Port Kennedy Cave: Irvingtonian, Pennsylvania
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Insecta
- Coleoptera
- Carabidae
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Cychrus wheatleyi n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
recombined as Scaphinotus wheatleyi | ||||||||||
(2 measurements) | ||||||||||
Cychrus minor n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
recombined as Scaphinotus minor | ||||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Chlaenius punctulatus n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
? Pterostichus sp.
Bonelli 1810
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Pterostichus sp.
Bonelli 1810
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Horn 1876 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
(2 measurements) | ||||||||||
= Pterostichus laevigatus n. sp.
Scudder 1890
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Scudder 1890 | |||||||||
Dicaelus sp.
Bonelli 1813
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Dicaelus alutaceus n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Cymindis aurora n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Insecta
- Coleoptera
- Scarabaeidae
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Aphodius precursor n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
? Choeridium ebeninum n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Ateuchus | ||||||||||
(2 measurements) | ||||||||||
Phanaeus antiquus n. sp.
Horn 1876
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Horn 1876 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Phanaeus | ||||||||||
(2 measurements) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
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Toxaspis anguillulatus n. sp.
Cope 1899
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Cope 1899 | |||||||||
synonym of Terrapene eurypygia | ||||||||||
ANSP 155 (holotype), a partial carapace (Cope 1899, pl. 14.1; Hay 1908, fig. 469). | ||||||||||
Terrapene carolina
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Parris and Daeschler 1995 | |||||||||
includes type of Toxaspis anguillulatus | ||||||||||
Clemmys insculpta
(Le Conte 1830)
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Parris and Daeschler 1995 | |||||||||
recombined as Glyptemys insculpta | ||||||||||
Emydoidea blandingii
(Holbrook 1838)
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Parris and Daeschler 1995 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
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Geochelone percrassa n. sp.
(Cope 1899)
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Parris and Daeschler 1995 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Testudinoidea | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Colubridae
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Natrix sp.
Laurenti 1768
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Gilmore 1938 | |||||||||
Provisionally placed here. "Wheatley in 1871 reported Tropodonotus (Natrix) as being present in the Port Kennedy Cave fauna in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. These specimens have now been lost. No mention of this genus was made by Cope in his subsequent papers discussing this fauna so that the presence of this genus in this fauna and in the fossil record rests entirely upon the evidence of Wheatley’s statement." | ||||||||||
Coluber sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Gilmore 1938 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
"In 1871 Wheatley published a short paper reviewing briefly the fauna of the Port Kennedy Cave in which he listed two species of Coluber. No mention was made of the character of the material on which the identifications were based. It is presumed that one of the specimens so listed was later described as Coluber acuminatus by Cope, but the other insofar as the author can find, was not afterward mentioned in the literature. Since the specimen is apparently lost, the authenticity of the determination by Wheatley will always remain in doubt." | ||||||||||
Coluber acuminatus n. sp.
(Cope 1899)
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Gilmore 1938 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(Type lost, no number), fractured skull and 25 anterior thoracic vertebrae | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Mylodontidae
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Mylodon harlani
(Owen 1840)
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= Paramylodon ? harlani
Owen 1840
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
omitted by Daeschler 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Megalonychidae
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Megalonyx wheatleyi
Cope 1871
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includes "M. loxodon", "M. tortulus", and "M. scalper" (6 measurements) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Mammutidae
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Mammut americanum
(Kerr 1792)
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Hyaenidae
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Crocuta inexpectatus n. sp.
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Cope 1895 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Panthera onca
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Seymour 1993 | |||||||||
also suggested by Simpson 1941b | ||||||||||
Lynx calcaratus n. sp.
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Smilodontopsis gracilis n. sp.
(Cope 1880)
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original and current combination Smilodon gracilis | ||||||||||
Uncia mercerii n. sp.
Cope 1895
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Cope 1895 | 2 individuals | ||||||||
synonym of Smilodon gracilis | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Taxidea taxus
(Schreber 1778)
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Lutra rhoadsii
Cope 1896
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= Lontra canadensis
Schreber 1776
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
Martes diluviana
(Cope 1889)
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recombined as Pekania diluviana | ||||||||||
Gulo gidleyi
Hall 1936
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= Gulo gulo
Linnaeus 1758
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mephitidae
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Brachyprotoma obtusata n. sp.
(Cope 1899)
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Osmotherium spelaeum
Cope 1896
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includes types of "Pelycictis lobulatus" and three other Cope species; "? Mephitis nigra" is of dubious provenance: Hall 1936 | ||||||||||
Pelycictis lobulatus n. gen., n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
synonym of Osmotherium spelaeum | ||||||||||
Mephitis fossidens n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
synonym of Osmotherium spelaeum | ||||||||||
Mephitis orthostichus n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
synonym of Osmotherium spelaeum | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Euarctos americanus
(Pallas 1780)
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original and current combination Ursus americanus | ||||||||||
Arctodus haplodon n. sp.
(Cope 1896)
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synonym of Arctodus pristinus | ||||||||||
Ursus haplodon n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
synonym of Arctodus pristinus | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Urocyon cinereoargenteus
(Schreber 1775)
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Canis dirus
Leidy 1858
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= Canis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Nowak 1979 | |||||||||
Canis priscolatrans
Cope 1899
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= Canis rufus
Audubon and Bachman 1851
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Nowak 1979 | |||||||||
= Canis armbrusteri
Gidley 1913
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Tedford et al. 2009 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus pectinatus
Cope 1901
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Equus complicatus
Leidy 1858
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omitted by Daeschler 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Tapiridae
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Tapirus haysii
Leidy 1860
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recombined as Tapirus (Helicotapirus) haysii | ||||||||||
includes type of "T. copei": see Ray and Sanders 1984 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Camelidae
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Teleopternus orientalis n. gen., n. sp.
Cope 1899
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Cope 1899 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Mylohyus fossilis
(Leidy 1860)
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includes "M. pennsylvanicus" and "Platygonus tetragonus"; "M. nasutus" is listed by Daeschler 1993, 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Cariacus laevicornis n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
recombined as Dama laevicornis | ||||||||||
Odocoileus virginianus
(Zimmermann 1780)
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Mammalia
- Soricidae
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Blarina simplicidens n. sp.
Cope 1899
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synonym of Blarina brevicauda | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Talpidae
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Scalopus sp.
Geoffroy 1803
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omitted by Daeschler 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Marmota cf. monax
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Daeschler 1996 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Castoridae
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Castor canadensis
Kuhl 1820
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Microtus diluvianus n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
recombined as Neofiber diluvianus | ||||||||||
Microtus speothen
(Cope 1871)
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= Arvicolinae indet.
Gray 1821
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Kurten and Anderson 1980 | |||||||||
"M. dideltus", and "M. involutus" are all nomina dubia and could be Pitymys | ||||||||||
Anaptogonia hiatidens n. sp.
(Cope 1871)
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synonym of Ondatra idahoensis | ||||||||||
Anaptogonia cloacina n. sp.
Cope 1896
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Cope 1896 | |||||||||
synonym of Ondatra idahoensis | ||||||||||
Peromyscus ? leucopus
(Rafinesque 1818)
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omitted by Daeschler 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Zapodidae
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Zapus hudsonius
(Zimmermann 1780)
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= Zapus sp.
Coues 1876
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Kurten and Anderson 1980 | |||||||||
may be Z. sandersi; omitted by Daeschler 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Erethizontidae
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Erethizon ? dorsatum
(Linnaeus 1758)
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includes type of "E. cloacinum" referred to "Coendou sp." by White 1970: Frazier 1981 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Ochotonidae
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? Ochotonidae indet.
Thomas 1897
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Kurten and Anderson 1980 | |||||||||
"Praotherium" or "? Ochotona" palatina | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Sylvilagus floridanus
(Allen 1890)
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see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Pennsylvania | County: | Montgomery |
Coordinates: | 40.2° North, 75.3° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 40.2° North, 75.1° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
Key time interval: | Irvingtonian | ||
Age range of interval: | 1.80000 - 0.30000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | not reported |
Environment: | cave |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:new list of Daeschler 1996 is based on Gidley and Gazin and contains numerous errors and omissions "? Myotis sp.": a bat; omitted by Daeschler 1996 "Vulpes latidentatus" is omitted by Daeschler 1996 and not discussed by Kurten and Anderson 1980 or other sources "Sciurus calycinus" is omitted by Kurten and Anderson 1980 not clear what "Teleopternus orientalis" and "Odocoileus laevicornis" are; former is listed by Daeschler 1996 "Bison sp." is not present: Kurten and Anderson 1980 |
Metadata
Database number: | 20479 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Clapham, E. Vlachos, P. Barrett, J. Marcot | Enterer: | J. Alroy, J. Karr, E. Vlachos, T. Cleary, M. Clapham, J. Marcot |
Modifier: | J. Karr | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1993-02-18 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2012-07-01 17:55:56 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1993-02-18 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
1628. | J. W. Gidley and C. L. Gazin. 1938. The Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Cumberland Cave, Maryland. United States National Museum Bulletin 171:1-99 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] |
Secondary references:
6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
54070 | E. D. Cope. 1895. The fossil Vertebrata from the fissure at Port Kennedy, Pa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 47:447-450 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
53045 | E. D. Cope. 1896. New and Little Known Mammalia from the Port Kennedy Bone Deposit. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 48:378-394 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/J. Marcot] | |
64615 | E. D. Cope. 1899. Vertebrate remains from Port Kennedy bone deposits. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 11:193-286 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos] | |
1300 | E. B. Daeschler. 1996. 83-96 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
14699 | C. W. Gilmore. 1938. Fossil snakes of North America. Geological Society of America Special Paper (9)1-96 [J. Head/J. Head] | |
49178 | G. H. Horn. 1876. Notes on some coleopterous remains from the bone cave at Port Kennedy, Penna. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 5:241-245 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham] | |
6221 | B. Kurten and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene mammals of North America 1-442 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
2673 | R. M. Nowak. 1979. North American Quaternary Canis. Monograph of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas 6:1-154 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
744 | D. C. Parris and E. Daeschler. 1995. Pleistocene turtles of Port Kennedy Cave (late Irvingtonian), Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. Journal of Paleontology 69(3):563-568 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/E. Vlachos] | |
5136 | ETE 848 | S. H. Scudder. 1890. The Tertiary Insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories XIII:1-734 [C. Labandeira/C. Labandeira/L. Edwards] |
3103 | K. Seymour. 1993. Size change in North American Quaternary jaguars. In R. A. Martin and A. D. Barnosky (eds.), Morphological change in Quaternary mammals of North America 343-372 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
52058 | R. H. Tedford, X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor. 2009. Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 325:1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/G. Lloyd] |