Swatara Gap, 3 km north of Lickdale: Edenian, Pennsylvania
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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informal conotretoid indet.
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? Kinocera sp.
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Paranacystites sp.
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Chlorophyceae
- Dasycladales
- Dasycladaceae
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Dasycladacea indet.
Radoicic 1969
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unclassified
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Porifera indet.
Grant 1836
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Hydrozoa
- Hydroida
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Inocaulis sp.
Hall 1852
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Scyphozoa
- Conulariida
- Conulariidae
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Conularia ? trentonensis
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Stylophora
- Mitrata
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Ateleocystites huxleyi
Billings 1858
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Crinoidea
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Crinoidea indet.
Miller 1821
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undetermined root-type holdfast [originally entered as "crinoid indet."] | ||||||||||
Lichenocrinus sp.
Hall 1866
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Crinoidea
- Monobathrida
- Xenocrinidae
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Xenocrinidae indet.
Miller 1890
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originally entered as "xenocrinoid indet." | ||||||||||
Crinoidea
- Monobathrida
- Glyptocrinidae
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Glyptocrinus sp.
Hall 1847
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Crinoidea
- Homocrinida
- Homocrinidae
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Ectenocrinus simplex
(Hall 1847)
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original and current combination Heterocrinus simplex | ||||||||||
Crinoidea
- Homocrinida
- Cincinnaticrinidae
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Cincinnaticrinus sp.
Warn and Strimple 1977
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or Heterocrinus sp. | ||||||||||
Crinoidea
- Myelodactylida
- Iocrinidae
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Iocrinus subcrassus
(Meek and Worthen 1865)
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Crinoidea
- Merocrinidae
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Merocrinidae indet.
Miller 1890
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originally entered as "merocrinoid indet." | ||||||||||
Ophiuroidea
- Oegophiurida
- Protasteridae
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Taeniaster sp.
Billings 1858
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Protasterina maximus
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synonym of Taeniaster | ||||||||||
Phragmactinidae
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Phragmactis sp.
Spencer 1940
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probably Swataria derstleri: Blake named that genus in 2014 based on type material from a nearby locality. (PJW) | ||||||||||
Asteroidea
- Hadrosida
- Promopalaeasteridae
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Promopalaeaster pricei
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Promopalaeaster bellulus
Schuchert 1915
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Asteroidea
- Hadrosida
- Urasterellidae
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Urasterella pulchella
(Billings 1857)
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Asteroidea
- Euaxosida
- Mesopalaeasteridae
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Mesopalaeaster cf. lancolatus
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Asteroidea
- Euaxosida
- Palasterinidae
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Schuchertia laxata
Schuchert 1915
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Pterobranchia
- Graptoloidea
- Diplograptidae
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Diplograptus nexus
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Orthograptus quadrimucronatus
(Hall 1865)
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Orthograptus quadrimucronatus micracanthus | ||||||||||
Pterobranchia
- Graptoloidea
- Climacograptidae
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Climacograptus typicalis
Hall 1865
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Pterobranchia
- Dendroidea
- Dendrograptidae
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Ptilograptus sp.
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Bivalvia
- Nuculanida
- Cucullellidae
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Cleidophorus planulatus
(Conrad 1841)
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original and current combination Nuculites planulatus | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Nuculida
- Praenuculidae
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Ctenodonta filistriata
Ulrich 1894
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recombined as Homilodonta filistriata | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Modiomorphida
- Modiomorphidae
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Colpomya faba
(Hall 1847)
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Colpomya faba intermedia | ||||||||||
Modiolopsis sp.
Hall 1847
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Bivalvia
- Grammysiidae
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Cuneamya sp.
Hall and Whitfield 1875
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Bivalvia
- Pholadomyida
- Pholadomyidae
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Rhytimya sp.
Ulrich 1893
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Rhytimya radiata
Ulrich 1893
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Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Pterineidae
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Pterinea sp.
Goldfuss 1832
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Bivalvia
- Myalinida
- Ambonychiidae
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? Byssonychia cf. vera
Ulrich 1893
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Gastropoda
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Gastropoda indet.
Cuvier 1795
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several undetermined forms [originally entered as "gastropod indet."] | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Murchisoniina
- Eotomariidae
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Liospira americanum
(Billings 1860)
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recombined as Liospira americana | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Murchisoniina
- Lophospiridae
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Lophospira sp.
Whitfield 1886
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Gastropoda
- Bellerophontida
- Sinuitidae
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Sinuites cancellatus
(Hall 1847)
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Tergomya
- Archinacellida
- Archinacellidae
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Archinacella sp.
Ulrich and Scofield 1897
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Cephalopoda
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Nautiloidea indet.
Agassiz 1847
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indeterminate orthocone [originally entered as "informal nautiloid indet."] | ||||||||||
Tentaculita
- Cornulitida
- Cornulitidae
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Cornulites flexuosus
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Cornulites cf. progressus
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Lingulata
- Lingulida
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Linguloidea indet.
Menke 1828
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originally entered as "linguloid indet." | ||||||||||
Lingulata
- Lingulida
- Pseudolingulidae
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Pseudolingula rectilateralis
(Emmons 1842)
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Craniata
- Craniida
- Craniidae
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? Petrocrania sp.
Raymond 1910
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Philhedra cf. laelia
(Hall 1866)
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Craniata
- Craniopsida
- Craniopsidae
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Craniops subtruncata
(Hall 1847)
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Rhynchonellata
- Pentamerida
- Camerellidae
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Camerella sp.
Billings 1859
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Rhynchonellata
- Pentamerida
- Clarkellidae
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Syntrophina sp.
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Rhynchonellata
- Orthida
- Dalmanellidae
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Onniella multisecta
(James 1871)
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recombined as Cincinnetina multisecta | ||||||||||
Rhynchonellata
- Orthida
- Plectorthidae
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Plectorthis plicatella
(Hall 1847)
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Rhynchonellata
- Atrypida
- Anazygidae
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Zygospira sp.
Hall 1862
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Strophomenata
- Strophomenida
- Rafinesquinidae
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Leptaena cf. richmondensis
Foerste 1909
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Leptaena richmondensis precursor | ||||||||||
Rafinesquina alternata
(Conrad 1838)
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Strophomenata
- Strophomenida
- Sowerbyellidae
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Sowerbyella plicatellus
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Thaerodonta rugosa
(Meek 1873)
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recombined as Sowerbyella rugosa | ||||||||||
Ptychoglyptus cf. virginensis
(Willard 1928)
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original and current combination Ptychoglyptus virginiensis | ||||||||||
Stenolaemata
- Trepostomata
- Trematoporidae
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Batostoma sp.
Ulrich 1882
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Stenolaemata
- Trepostomata
- Heterotrypidae
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Dekayella sp.
Ulrich 1882
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Stenolaemata
- Trepostomata
- Halloporidae
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Parvohallopora cf. dalei
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Stenolaemata
- Cyclostomata
- Diastoporidae
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Berenicea sp.
Lamouroux 1821
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Stenolaemata
- Cryptostomata
- Acanthocladiidae
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Polypora sp.
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Stenolaemata
- Cryptostomata
- Rhinidictyidae
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Rhinidictya sp.
Ulrich 1882
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Gymnolaemata
- Ctenostomata
- Vinellidae
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Vinella sp.
Ulrich 1890
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Hyolithida
- Hyolithidae
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Hyolithes sp.
d'Eichwald 1840
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Trilobita
- Lichida
- Lichidae
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Platylichas sp.
(Gürich 1901)
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Trilobita
- Proetida
- Dimeropygidae
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Mesotaphraspis sp.
Whittington and Evitt 1953
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Trilobita
- Proetida
- Proetidae
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Proetus parviusculus
Hall 1860
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recombined as Interproetus parviusculus | ||||||||||
Trilobita
- Olenida
- Olenidae
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Triarthrus becki
Green 1832
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Trilobita
- Odontopleurida
- Odontopleuridae
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Diacanthaspis sp.
Whittington 1941
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Acidaspis cincinnatiensis
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Trilobita
- Phacopida
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Phacopida indet.
Salter 1864
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originally entered as "phacopid indet." | ||||||||||
Trilobita
- Phacopida
- Pterygometopidae
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Pterygometopus achates
(Billings 1860)
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recombined as Achatella achates | ||||||||||
Trilobita
- Phacopida
- Calymenidae
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Gravicalymene sp.
Shirley 1936
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Trilobita
- Trinucleida
- Trinucleidae
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Cryptolithus bellulus
(Ulrich 1879)
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synonym of Cryptolithus tessellatus | ||||||||||
Trilobita
- Asaphida
- Asaphidae
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Isotelus gigas
(Dekay 1824)
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recombined as Asaphus gigas | ||||||||||
Ostracoda
- Hollinocopida
- Euprimitiidae
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Primitiella unicornis
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Ostracoda
- Hollinocopida
- Tetradellidae
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Ceratopsis chambersi
(Miller 1874)
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Eurypterida
- Megalograptidae
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? Megalograptus sp.
Miller 1874
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see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Pennsylvania | County: | Lebanon |
Coordinates: | 40.5° North, 76.5° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 29.2° South, 55.9° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map | ||||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Ordovician | Epoch: | Late/Upper Ordovician |
Stage: | Katian | 10 m.y. bin: | Ordovician 5 |
Key time interval: | Edenian | Graptolite zone: | Climacograptus spiniferus |
Age range of interval: | 451.10000 - 450.40000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Martinsburg | Member: | Reedsville | ||
Stratigraphic resolution: | member | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: Wright et al. (1977) and Lehmann (1986) assigned these rocks to the Climacograptus spiniferus Zone
Blake notes that this is now Edenian, not Chatfieldian-Edenian. |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | current ripples lithified argillaceous siltstone | ||
Secondary lithology: | planar lamination lithified silty mudstone | ||
Includes fossils? | Y | ||
Includes fossils? | Y | ||
Lithology description: facies also includes claystone that contains a sparse, low-diversity fossil fauna | |||
Environment: | offshore | Tectonic setting: | foreland basin |
Geology comments: may also include some transition zone environments |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | cast,mold/impression |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Articulated whole bodies: | some |
Associated major elements: | some |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | surface (float),field collection,observed (not collected) |
Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:Lehman & Pope's list, compiled from Wright et al., 1977; Busch, 1981; Lehmann, 1986 |
Metadata
Database number: | 34895 | ||
Authorizer: | S. Holland | Enterer: | S. Holland |
Modifier: | P. Wagner | Research group: | marine invertebrate |
Created: | 2003-10-13 11:18:46 | Last modified: | 2015-01-15 20:54:04 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2003-10-13 11:18:46 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
9363. | D. Lehman and J.K. Pope. 1989. Upper Ordovician tempestites from Swatara Gap, Pennsylvania: depositional processes affecting the sediments and paleoecology of the fossil faunas. Palaios 4:553-564 [S. Holland/S. Holland/R. Plotnick] |