International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 126318 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | North American Land Mammal Ages | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | Cambrian of West Avalonia | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Nihewanian | 0.0117 | |||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||
Blancan | 1.4 | |||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Yushean | 2.58 | ||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||
Baodean | 4.9 | |||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||
Tunggurian | 11.1 | |||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||
Langhian | Shanwangian | 13.82 | ||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||
Xiejiaan | 16.9 | |||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||
Orellan | 31.8 | |||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||
Duchesnean | 37 | |||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||
Uintan | 39.7 | |||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||
Puercan | 63.8 | |||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||
Campanian | 72.1 | |||||
Santonian | 83.6 | |||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||
Aptian | 113 | |||||
Barremian | 121.4 | |||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||
Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||
Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||
Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||
Carnian | 227 | |||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||
Wuchiapingian | 254.14 | |||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | ||||
Wordian | 264.28 | |||||
Roadian | 266.9 | |||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||
Asselian | 293.52 | |||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||
Moscovian | 307 | |||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||
Visean | 330.9 | |||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | |||
Frasnian | 372.2 | |||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||
Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||||
Pragian | 407.6 | |||||
Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||
Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||
Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | 443.8 | |||
Katian | 445.2 | |||||
Sandbian | 453 | |||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||
Dapingian | 467.3 | |||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||
Tremadocian | 477.7 | |||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | 485.4 | |||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | 497 | ||||
Arcadian | 498.4 | |||||
Drumian | 500.5 | |||||
Wuliuan | 504.5 | |||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Branchian | 509 | |||
Stage 3 | 514 | |||||
Placentian | 517.1 | |||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||
Fortunian | 529 | |||||
538.8 |