International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleCambrian of North AmericaCambrian of AustraliaCambrian of KazakhstanCambrian of Siberia
CambrianFurongianStage 10Franconian †/Dresbachian/MillardanDatsonianBatyrbaianBatyrbaianTavgian †Ketyan †/Yurakian485.4
Payntonian486.8 *
Sunwaptan487.5
JiangshanianIverian489.5
AksaianAksaian490.7 *
SakianSakian492.2 *
Steptoean493 *
PaibianIdamean494
Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian494.7 *
MiaolingianGuzhangianMarjumianAlbertian †MindyallanAyusokkanianAyusokkanian497
Boomerangian499
Mayan/Menevian499.5
DrumianUndillanZhanaarykian500.5
FloranTuesaian503
WuliuanTopazanTempletonianAmgan/Solvan504.5
505.3
Delamaran506.5
Ordian507.8 *
Series 2Stage 4Waucoban †509
ToyonianToyonianLenian †510 *
510.8 *
Dyeran511 *
BotomianBotomian512.5 *
Stage 3514
Montezuman514.8 *
AtdabanianAtdabanian515.6 *
Begadean519.9 *
TerreneuvianStage 2TommotianTommotian521
Nemakit-Daldynian525.5
FortunianManykaian †529
538.8