PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Carboniferous of China	Carboniferous of Western Europe
							297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Mapingian †		Kuzel		298.9
				Xiaodushanian	Kuzel		300 *
					Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
						Stephanian B	300.9 *
						Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian				Stephanian A	303.7
						Cantabrian	305 *
				Dalaun			305.8 *
							305.9
		Moscovian					307
					Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
						Westphalian C	309.8
						Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian				Westphalian B	315.2
						Westphalian A	317 *
				Huashibanian		Westphalian A	318.5 *
					Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
						Marsdenian	320.2 *
				Lousuan		Marsdenian	321.2 *
						Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
						Alportian	322 *
						Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Dewunian		Chokierian	323.2
						Arnsbergian	324 *
						Pendleian	327.4 *
				Shangsian		Pendleian	330.8 *
		Visean		Shangsian	Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
				Jiusian	Warnantian	Brigantian †	335 *
					Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
					Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian		Tangbagouan	Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian		Tangbagouan	Hastarian		353.7 *
							358.9