International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Obsolete Names for ICS Units | Ordovician of the Baltic | Cambrian of West Avalonia | Cambrian of North America | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
462.9 | ||||||||||||||
482.2 | ||||||||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Oeland | Pakerort | Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan | 485.4 * | ||||||||
486.3 * | ||||||||||||||
486.5 | ||||||||||||||
Sunwaptan | 487.5 | |||||||||||||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||||||
Steptoean | 493 * | |||||||||||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Series 3 † | Marjumian | Albertian † | 497 | |||||||||
Arcadian | 498.4 | |||||||||||||
Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||||||
Wuliuan | Stage 5 † | Topazan | 504.5 | |||||||||||
Delamaran | 506.5 | |||||||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Branchian | Waucoban † | 509 | ||||||||||
Dyeran | 511 * | |||||||||||||
Stage 3 | 514 | |||||||||||||
Montezuman | 514.8 * | |||||||||||||
Placentian | 517.1 | |||||||||||||
Begadean | 519.9 * | |||||||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Fortunian | 529 | |||||||||||||
538.8 |