PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian				0.0042
		Greenlandian				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian	Middle Pleistocene			0.129
		Chibanian	Middle Pleistocene		Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian	Early Pleistocene		Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian			Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Late Pliocene		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian	Late Pliocene		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean	Early Pliocene		Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean	Early Pliocene		Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian	Late Miocene	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian			Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian		Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian	Middle Miocene		Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian			Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian	13.82
					Clifdenian	15.1
				Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian	Early Miocene		Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian			Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Late Oligocene		Waitakian	23.03
					Duntroonian	25.2
					Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian	Early Oligocene			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Late Eocene			33.9
				Arnold	Runangan	34.6
					Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian	Middle Eocene		Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian			Bortonian	41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
					Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian	Early Eocene		Heretaungan	47.8
					Mangaorapan	48.9
					Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Late Paleocene		Teurian	56
		Selandian	Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Danian	Early Paleocene			61.6
						66