PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America						Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Calabrian																0.774
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian																11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																259.51
		Wordian																264.28
		Roadian																266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																273.01
		Artinskian																283.5
		Sakmarian																290.1
		Asselian																293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian		Gamachian		Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
					Richmondian			Pirgu	446 *
								Vormsi	449.6 *
			Berounian						449.7 *
					Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
					Maysvillian			Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
					Edenian			Nabala			450.4 *
					Edenian	Viru		Rakvere			450.6 *
				Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			Rakvere			451.1 *
								Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian						Keila		Idavere †	453
					Turinian			Keila			453.7 *
								Haljala			453.9
								Haljala			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Kukruse					456.4 *
				Whiterockian				Kukruse	Canadian †				Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
								Uhaku		Aluoja †				457.5 *
							Liben †							458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian												458.4
			Dobrotivian											458.5 *
			Dobrotivian					Lasnamagi						458.9 *
			Oretanian					Lasnamagi						459.7 *
								Aseri						460.4 *
							Sarka †	Aseri						461.7 *
						Oeland		Kunda						462.9 *
								Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
								Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Klabava †								467.3
			Arenigian												468
					Rangerian										469.1 *
					Rangerian			Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian								Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
										Latorp †						470.1 *
								Hunneberg								473.7 *
					Tulean											473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian		Tulean											477.7
					Stairsian											480.3 *
					Stairsian			Varangu								481.3 *
					Skullrockian			Varangu							Demingian †	482 *
								Pakerort							Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Pakerort							Late Cambrian		485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
		Paibian															494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Middle Cambrian		497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Early Cambrian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3															514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian															529
																		538.8