Ivanovce fissures (Pliocene of Slovakia)

Where: Trenčín, Slovakia (48.8° N, 17.9° E: paleocoordinates 48.7° N, 17.8° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: MN 15 (4.2 - 3.2 Ma)

• Upper Pliocene (Astian) (Fejfar, 1961)

•"According to the rodent fauna the age of these sediments is Lower Pliocene (Ruscinian, zone MN 15b)" (Čerňanský, 2011).

•Original age assignment (>>Late/Upper Pliocene<<) has been updated according to Čerňanský (2011).

Environment/lithology: fissure fill; poorly lithified, ferruginous, green claystone

• Vertical and horizontal karstic fissures in Mesozoic (upper Triassic?) limestones filled with brownish-reddish or green, ferruginous ("Bohnerz"), partially lithified claystone (Fejfar, 1961).

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: surface (in situ), sieve,

• With regard to the herpetological material Čerňanský (2011) states: "This study was based mainly on fossils deposited in The National Museum at Bratislava in Slovakia [SNMB]. During a survey on the microvertebrate fossils […], a huge amount of herpetological material collected by Dr. Joniak between 2000 and 2004 was discovered. With the exception of the lacertids described by Čerňanský & Joniak (2009), this herpetological material has never been mentioned in any publication.The material is comprised of isolated elements collected by screen-washing or surface prospecting […]".

•Mammals reported by Fejfar (1961) have also been obtained from screen-washing and are said to be housed in the Central Department of Geology in Prague (SÚÚG).

•Snake material reported by Ivanov (2007) is unpublished (Ivanov, 1997, PhD thesis) and is housed either in the collections of the Anthropos Institute, Moravian Museum, Brno or in the Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Charles University, Prague.

Primary reference: O. Fejfar. 1961. Die plio-pleistozänen Wirbeltierfaunen von Hajnacka und Ivanovce (Slowakei, CSSR) III. Lagomorpha. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 5:267-282 [J. Hunter/M. Hall/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 34255: authorized by John Hunter, entered by Meg Hall on 24.08.2003, edited by Torsten Liebrecht and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Reptilia
 Squamata - Colubridae
Zamenis longissimus1 colubrid snake
4 mandibular elements (SNMB Z 27162/a+b), 21 skull bones (Z 27162/c-t), 11 vertebrae (Z 27162/u+v); 137 "bones" are reported by Ivanov (2007) under the name Elaphe longissima - see comments on collection methods
Natrix sp.3 Laurenti 1768 water snake
Natrix natrix1 Linnaeus 1758 water snake
right dentary (SNMB Z 27163/a), 5 skull bones (Z 27163/b-d), 8 vertebrae (Z 27163/e+f)
Coronella austriaca3 Laurenti 1768 smooth snake
Elaphe quatuorlineata3 Lacépède 1789 four-lined snake
Coluber viridiflavus3 Lacépède 1789 racer
 Squamata - Anguidae
Ophisaurus sp.1 Daudin 1803 glass lizard
2 isolated osteoderms (SNMB Z 27161/2-3)
Pseudopus sp.1 Merrem 1820 legless lizard
7 isolated osteoderms (SNMB Z 27161/1-7)
 Testudines - Emydidae
Emys orbicularis2 Linnaeus 1758 European pond turtle
antiqua; shell fragments
 Testudines - Geoemydidae
Geoemydidae indet.2 Theobald 1868 turtle
two forms
 Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydropsis sp.2 Peters 1868 turtle
Neural 1 and peripheral 6 or 7 (as ?Chelydridae gen. et sp. indet.; Młynarski, 1963, p. 240)
Mammalia
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus sp. Dice 1917 rabbit
"from fissures of Group A"; among others, one P3 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 651314) and one P2 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 651225)
Alilepus dietrichi n. sp. Fejfar 1961 rabbit
"from fissures of Group A"; right P3 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 65171 = holotype), left P3 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 65139 = paratype), two further P3 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 651310, 651311), two P2 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 651223, 65183), one damaged left hemimandible with loosely attached P3 to M2 (SÚÚG, coll. Fejfar 651312), and several further isolated teeth