Parent taxon: Orthoceratoidea according to A. Pohle et al. 2022
See also Evans 2011, Kröger and Evans 2011 and Kröger and Lefebvre 2012
Sister taxa: Actinocerida, Lituitida, Offleyoceratidae, Orthocerida, Paraphragmitidae, Protobactritidae, Riocerida, Slemmestadoceras
Subtaxa: Bajkaloceratidae Geisonoceratidae Intejoceratidae Polymeridae Rangeroceratidae Troedssonellidae
Ecology: fast-moving nektonic carnivore
Distribution:
• Permian of Japan (1 collection)
• Carboniferous to Permian of Japan (1)
• Carboniferous of Kazakhstan (1)
• Devonian of Germany (1), Morocco (17), United States (7: New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania)
• Silurian of Canada (2: Northwest Territories, Quebec), China (7), the Czech Republic (3), Italy (13), Japan (1), Morocco (1), the Russian Federation (8), Tajikistan (2), the United Kingdom (2), United States (8: New York, Wisconsin)
• Chazyan of United States (1: New York)
• Langevoja of Sweden (1)
• Dawan of China (2)
• Arenig of China (1)
• Ordovician of Australia (4), Canada (13: Ontario, Quebec), China (1), Estonia (5), France (3), Iran (1), Ireland (4), Morocco (3), North Korea (1), Norway (10), the Russian Federation (1), Sweden (14), the United Kingdom (18), United States (35: Alabama, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York)
Total: 193 collections including 243 occurrences