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Pteraspidomorpha
Taxonomy
Pteraspidomorpha is a class.
It was assigned to Pteraspidomorphi by Nelson et al. (2016) and Van Der Laan (2019).
It was assigned to Pteraspidomorphi by Nelson et al. (2016) and Van Der Laan (2019).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1977 | Diplorhina Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson p. 367 |
2016 | Pteraspidomorpha Nelson et al. p. 26 |
2019 | Pteraspidomorpha Van Der Laan p. 15 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Cl. †Pteraspidomorpha
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Subcl. †Arandaspida Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
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Fm. †Arandaspididae Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
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G. †Arandaspis Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
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†Arandaspis prionotolepis Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
G. †Porophoraspis Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
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†Porophoraspis crenulata Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Or. †Arandaspidiformes Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
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Invalid names: Porophoraspidae Halstead 1993 [empty]
Subcl. †Astraspida Berg 1940
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Or. †Astraspidiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Tesakoviaspididae Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2004
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G. †Tesakoviaspis Karatajute-Talimaa and Meredith Smith 2004
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†Tesakoviaspis concentrica Karatajute-Talimaa and Meredith Smith 2004
Subcl. †Heterostraci Lankester 1868
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Fm. †Ariaspididae Elliott and Swift 2010
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Fm. †Cardipeltidae Bryant 1933
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G. †Cardipeltis Branson and Mehl 1931
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†Cardipeltis bryanti Denison 1966
†Cardipeltis richardsoni Denison 1966
†Cardipeltis wallacii Branson and Mehl 1931
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Invalid names: Cardipeltis oblongus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Cardipeltis sinclairi Bryant 1933 [synonym]
Subor. †Cyathaspida Kiaer 1932
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G. †Irregulareaspis Zych 1931
Fm. †Cyathaspididae Kiaer 1932
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G. †Archegonaspis Jaekel 1927
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†Archegonaspis integer Kunth 1872
†Archegonaspis integer schmidti Gelnitz 1884
†Archegonaspis lindstromi Kiaer 1932
†Archegonaspis ludensis Salter 1859
Subfm. †Boothiaspidinae Elliott 2016
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G. †Boothiaspis Broad 1973
G. †Phyllonaspis Elliott 2016
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†Phyllonaspis laevis Elliott 2016
†Phyllonaspis serratus Elliott 2016
†Phyllonaspis taphensis Elliott 2016
G. †Eoarchegonaspis Kiaer 1932
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†Eoarchegonaspis wardelli Ruedemann 1916
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Invalid names: Cyathaspis vaningeni Bryant 1926 [synonym]
Subfm. †Poraspidinae Kiaer 1932
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G. †Homalaspis Kiaer 1932
G. †Poraspis Kiaer 1932
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†Poraspis barroisi Leriche 1906
†Poraspis brevis Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis cylindrica Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis elongata Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis intermedia Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis magna Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis polaris Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis rostrata Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis sericea Lankester 1873
†Poraspis sturi von Alth 1874
†Poraspis subtilis Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis thomasi Elliott and Petriello 2011
Or. †Cyathaspidiformes Kaier 1930
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Subor. †Cyathaspidoidei
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Invalid names: Americaspidae Fowler 1947 [empty], Irregularaspidae Kiaer and Heinz 1935 [empty]
Subor. †Siberiaspidoidei
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Or. †Lepidaspidiformes Halstead 1993
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Fm. †Protaspidae Bryant 1933
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G. †Psammolepis Agassiz 1843
Or. †Psammosteiformes Berg 1937
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Fm. †Pycnosteidae Tarlo 1962
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G. †Tartuosteus Obruchev 1961
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†Tartuosteus zheleznogorskensis Moloshnikov 2007
Invalid names: Rohonosteus Tarlo 1962 [synonym]
Or. †Pteraspidiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Anchipteraspididae Elliott 1984
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G. †Anchipteraspis Elliott 1984
G. †Rachiaspis Elliott 1984
G. †Ulititaspis
Fm. †Protopteraspididae Novitskaya 1983
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G. †Canadapteraspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
G. †Escharaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Gigantaspis Heintz 1962
G. †Loricopteraspis Halstead Tarlo 1961
G. †Miltaspis Blieck 1981
G. †Stegobranchiaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Zascinaspis Stensiu 1958
Fm. †Pteraspididae Claypole 1885
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G. †Archaeoteuthis Roemer 1855
G. †Chiastolepis Eichwald 1844
G. †Holaspis Lankester 1873
G. †Kallostracon
G. †Mylopteraspis Stensiu 1958
G. †Scaphaspis Lankester 1865
G. †Sphagodus Agassiz 1839
Invalid names: Doryaspidinae Heintz 1967 [empty], Pteraspidinae Claypole 1885 [empty]
Subor. †Pteraspidoidei Janvier 1996
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G. †Alaeckaspis Voichyshyn 1999
G. †Djurinaspis Novitskaya 1983
Fm. †Doryaspidae Randle and Sansom 2017
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G. †Doryaspis White 1935
G. †Woodfjordaspis Pernègre 2006
G. †Xylaspis Pernègre 2003
G. †Lamiaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
G. †Larnovaspis Blieck 1984
G. †Mylopteraspidella Blieck 1984
G. †Oreaspis Denison 1970
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†Oreaspis ampla Bryant 1933
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Invalid names: Protaspis nanus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Protaspis perlatus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Protaspis perryi Bryant 1933 [synonym]
†Oreaspis dunklei Denison 1970
†Oreaspis williamsi Denison 1970
G. †Parapteraspis Stensiu 1958
G. †Pirumaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
Fm. †Protaspididae
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G. †Cosmaspis Denison 1970
G. †Cyrtaspidichthys Whitley 1940
G. †Helaspis
G. †Lampraspis Denison 1970
G. †Psephaspis
G. †Tuberculaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
G. †Protaspis Bryant 1933
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Subg. †Protaspis (Europrotaspis) White 1961
Subg. †Protaspis (Protaspis) Bryant 1933
†Protaspis brevirostris Bryant 1933
†Protaspis cingulus Bryant 1933
†Protaspis constrictus Bryant 1933
Fm. †Psammosteidae Traquair 1896
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G. †Acanthaspis Newberry 1875
G. †Drepanaspis
G. †Dyptychosteus Preobrazhenskii 1910
G. †Oredezhosteus Moloshnikov 2009
G. †Placosteus Agassiz 1843
G. †Psammosteus Agassiz 1844
G. †Pycnosteus Preobrajenski 1911
G. †Pteraspis Kner 1847
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†Pteraspis crouchi Lankester 1865
†Pteraspis dunensis Roemer 1854
†Pteraspis rostrata Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Plesiopteraspis Stensio 1958 [synonym]
Fm. †Rhinopteraspididae Novitskaya 2004
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G. †Althaspis Zych 1931
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Invalid names: Brotzenaspis Stensio 1958 [synonym], Cymripteraspis White 1960 [synonym], Pseudopteraspis Stensio 1958 [synonym]
G. †Brachipteraspis Brotzen 1936
G. †Errivaspis Blieck 1984
G. †Pavloaspis Voichyshyn 1999
G. †Rhinopteraspis Jaekel 1919
G. †Semipodolaspis Voichyshyn 2011
G. †Unarkaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Strosipherus Pander 1856
Fm. †Thelodontidae
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G. †Coelolepis
G. †Dasylepis Pander 1856
G. †Dictyolepis Pander 1856
G. †Gomphodus Pander 1856
G. †Melittomalepis Pander 1856
G. †Pachylepis Pander 1856
G. †Prionacanthus Pander 1856
G. †Schediosteus Pander 1856
G. †Spirodus Kade 1858
G. †Thelolepis Pander 1856
Invalid names: Cardipeltida [empty], Cardipeltiformes Bryant 1933 [empty], Ceraspidae [empty], Corvaspidida [empty], Drepanaspidae [empty], Lepidaspidida [empty], Olbiaspidida Obruchev 1964 [empty], Palaeaspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pteraspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Tesseraspidida [empty], Tolypelepidida [empty], Traquairaspidida Stensio 1958 [empty]
Invalid names: Diplorhina [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum | |||||
Reference: Kiessling 2004 |
Age range: base of the Bendigonian to the top of the Early/Lower Turonian or 474.90000 to 89.30000 Ma
Collections (130 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Arenig | Australia (Northern Territory) | Arandaspis prionotolepis (90386) Porophoraspis crenulata, Arandaspis prionotolepis (90382) | |
Bendigonian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Porophoraspis sp. (90417) | |
Dapingian - Darriwilian | Oman | Sacabambaspis sp. (90376) | |
Llanvirn | Australia (Northern Territory) | Arandaspis sp., Porophoraspis sp. (90420) | |
Llanvirn | Australia (New South Wales) | Arandaspis sp. (90375) | |
Darriwilian | Oman | Sacabambaspis sp. (90377) | |
Darriwilian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Sacabambaspis sp. (90418) | |
Early/Lower Llandeilo | Argentina | Sacabambaspis janvieri (8868) | |
Caradoc | Bolivia | Sacabambaspis janvieri (90387 90478 210982) | |
Caradoc | Bolivia (Punata) | Sacabambaspis janvieri (210981) | |
Caradoc | Australia (Northern Territory) | Sacabambaspis sp. (90419) | |
Caradoc | USA (Colorado) | Astraspis desiderata, Astraspis splendens, Eriptychius americanus (10380) | |
Franklinian | Canada (Ontario) | Astraspis desiderata (90403 90404 90405 90406 90407 90408 90410 90411 90412) Eriptychius sp., Astraspis desiderata (90381 90409) | |
Franklinian | USA (Colorado) | Astraspis desiderata (155772) Astraspis desiderata, Eriptychius americanus (155756) | |
Richmondian | USA (Wyoming) | Astraspis desiderata, Eriptychius americanus (65239) | |
Silurian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Vernonaspis sp. (12763) | |
Silurian | Canada (Yukon) | Ariaspis ornata, Vernonaspis major, Ptomaspis canadensis, Dikenaspis yukonensis, Homalaspidella borealis, Traquairaspis angusta (185831) | |
Llandovery | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Heterostraci indet. 2 (90320) Lanarkia horrida (90314) | |
Llandovery | Russian Federation | Tesakoviaspis concentrica (90402) | |
Llandovery - Ludlow | USA (New York) | Vernonaspis sp. (12764) | |
Wenlock | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Traquairaspis campbelli (26907) | |
Wenlock | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Tolypelepis sp. A (188784) | |
Wenlock - Ludlow | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Cyathaspididae indet. (188832 188834) | |
Wenlock - Ludlow | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Lanarkia sp. (26906) | |
Wenlock - Ludlow | Canada (Nunavut) | Cyathaspis sp. (26882) | |
Homerian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Ariaspis n. sp., Vernonaspis sp., Traquairaspis lemniscata, Ariaspis ornata (497) | |
Ludlow | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Lanarkia sp. (26896) | |
Ludlow | USA (Pennsylvania) | Americaspis sp., Vernonaspis sp. (14206) | |
Ludlow | Russian Federation | Archegonaspis sp., Cyathaspididae indet. (90326) | |
Ludfordian | Sweden (Gotland) | Cyathaspida indet., Gomphodus sandelensis, Gomphodus hoppei (13820) | |
Ludfordian | USA (New York) | Vernonaspis sp. (26085) | |
Pridoli | USA (New York) | Archegonaspis sp., Vernonaspis sp. (493) | |
Pridoli | Russian Federation | Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus sp., Cyathaspididae indet. (90328) | |
Pridoli | Canada (Nunavut) | Ariaspis arctata (185830) Corvaspis arctica, Traquairaspidida indet., Cyathaspidida indet. (90324) Cyathaspididae indet. (14024) | |
Pridoli | Lithuania | Gomphodus sandelensis (207344) | |
Pridoli | Estonia | Gomphodus sandelensis (13829) Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus, Gomphodus sandelensis (13830) | |
Pridoli | Canada (New Brunswick) | Cyathaspis acadica (161318) | |
Pridoli | United Kingdom (England) | Cyathaspis sp. (26914) | |
Paadla | Estonia | Gomphodus sandelensis (13826 13827) | |
Ohesaare | Estonia | Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus, Gomphodus sandelensis (13831) | |
Ohesaare | Estonia (Saare) | Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus (193837) | |
Kuressaare | Estonia | Gomphodus sandelensis (13828) | |
Lochkovian | USA (Wyoming) | Cardipeltis richardoni, Cardipeltis bryanti, Protaspis transversa, Lampraspis tuberculata, Protaspis mcgrewi, Protaspis brevispina (153534) | |
Lochkovian | United Kingdom (Herefordshire) | Pteraspis jackana, Weigeltaspis sp., Pteraspis crouchi, Pteraspis rostrata (201736) | |
Lochkovian | France | Anglaspis sp., Poraspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (26983) | |
Lochkovian | United Kingdom (England) | Althaspis sp. (90351) Europrotapsis crenulata, Althaspis leachi (90352) Pteraspis rostrata (10679) Pteraspis sp., Weigeltaspis sp. (26918) | |
Lochkovian | Ukraine | Corvaspis sp., Traquairaspis sp., Podolaspis sp., Larnovaspis sp. (26978) Podolaspis sp., Larnovaspis sp. (236556) Pteraspis major, Larnovaspis major, Larnovaspis kneri, Pteraspis rostrata (90349) Pteraspis podolicus, Pteraspis kneri, Pteraspididae indet. A, Pteraspididae indet. B, Pteraspididae indet. E, Palaeaspis simionescui, Pteraspis rostrata, Cyathaspis sturi (90350) | |
Lochkovian | Norway | Anglaspis sp., Corvaspis sp., Ctenaspis sp., Dinaspidella sp., Poraspis sp., Traquairaspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (26929) | |
Lochkovian | Canada (Nunavut) | Anglaspis sp., Ctenaspis russelli, Aporemaspis pholidata (90322) Cyathaspididae indet. (14027) Pteraspididae indet., Cyathaspididae indet. (14026) | |
Lochkovian | Russian Federation | Anglaspis sp., Anglaspis sp. 1, Ctenaspis sp., Ctenaspis sp. 1, Poraspis sp., Lepidaspis sp., Poraspis polaris, Heterostraci indet., Corvaspididae indet., Traquairaspidiformes indet., Phialaspis sp., Pteraspidiformes indet., Irregulareaspis sp., Homalaspidella sp., Protopteraspis sp., Unarkaspis sp., Pteraspididae indet., Putoranaspis sp., Poraspididae indet., Amphiaspidiformes indet. (90330) Corvaspididae indet., Tesseraspis sp., Tesseraspis mosaica (90329) | |
Lochkovian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Traquairaspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (14201) | |
Lochkovian - Pragian | USA (Ohio) | Zascinaspis sp. (26874) | |
Lochkovian - Pragian | Ukraine | Pteraspis sp., Brotzenaspis kiaeri (23447) | |
Early/Lower Devonian | USA (Wyoming) | Cardipeltis richardsoni, Cardipeltis bryanti, Protaspis transversa, Lampraspis tuberculata, Protaspis mcgrewi, Protaspis brevispina (26179) | |
Pragian | Russian Federation | Poraspis sp., Traquairaspidiformes indet., Protopteraspididae indet., Protopteraspididae indet. 1, Pteraspidiformes indet., Pteraspididae indet., Miltaspis sp., Gigantaspis sp., Poraspididae indet. (90331) | |
Pragian | Ukraine | Pteraspis major, Pteraspididae indet. D, Pteraspididae indet. F, Pteraspididae indet. G, Podolaspis lerichei, Brachipteraspis latissima (90348) | |
Pragian - Emsian | Norway | Doryaspis arctica (233178) | |
Early/Lower Emsian | Germany (Alken) | Drepanaspis sp., Rhinopteraspis dunensis (27049) | |
Early/Lower Emsian | Germany (Gemuenden) | Drepanaspis gemuendensis, Pteraspis dunensis (26903) | |
Emsian | USA (Wyoming) | Cardipeltis wallacii, Protaspis ovata, Protaspis sculpta, Oreaspis dunklei, Oreaspis williamsi, Oreaspis ampla (26176) | |
Emsian | Belarus (Gormel) | Psammolepis toriensis (232956) Psammosteus toriensis (232955) | |
Late/Upper Emsian | USA (California) | Pteraspididae indet., Blieckaspis priscillae (206448) Pteraspididae indet., Panamintaspis snowi, Phyllonaspis taphensis, Cyathaspididae indet. (206449) | |
Eifelian | Belarus (Vitebsk) | Pteraspidiformes indet. (232958) | |
Eifelian | Belarus | Pycnosteus sp. (225881 225882) Tartuosteus sp. (225853) | |
Eifelian | Germany | Helaspis dissimilis (60134) Helaspis plexa ssp. S (60467) Helaspis sp. (25368 60446 60466) | |
Eifelian | Brazil (Para) | Pteraspis sp. (37137) | |
Eifelian | USA (Michigan) | Helaspis sp. (206788) | |
Eifelian | Russian Federation | Pycnosteus sp., Tartuosteus sp., Heterostraci indet., Protopteraspididae indet 2, Psammosteus sp., Psammosteidae indet., Psammolepis sp. (90332) | |
Eifelian | Estonia | Pycnosteus sp., Tartuosteus sp. (225793) Tartuosteus sp., Psammolepis toriensis (225791) | |
Middle Devonian | USA (Michigan) | Helaspis luma (219866) | |
Late/Upper Eifelian | Germany | Helaspis plexa ssp. S (60140) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Russian Federation | Tartuosteus sp., Heterostraci indet., Psammosteus sp., Psammosteidae indet., Psammolepis sp. (90333) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Latvia | Pycnosteus palaeformis, Pycnosteus pauli, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225802) Pycnosteus palaeformis, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225850) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Belarus | Pycnosteus sp. (225886) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Estonia | Pycnosteus palaeformis, Tartuosteus giganteus, Psammolepis proia (225804) Pycnosteus pauli, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225803) | |
Givetian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen (Spitsbergen) | Psammosteidae indet. (225592) | |
Givetian | USA (Michigan) | Helaspis luma (207859) | |
Early/Lower Frasnian | Russian Federation | Oredezhosteus kuleshovi (90346) Psammosteus sp. (90335) Tartuosteus zheleznogorskensis, Psammosteus praecursor (90343) | |
Early/Lower Frasnian | Latvia | Oredezhosteus livonicus (90347) | |
Late/Upper Givetian | Belarus | Psammosteus praecursor (225888) | |
Late/Upper Givetian | Estonia | Psammosteus spp., Psammolepis spp., Psammolepis abavica (225778) | |
Late/Upper Givetian | Russian Federation | Heterostraci indet., Psammosteus sp., Psammolepis sp. (90334) | |
Late/Upper Givetian | Latvia | Psammolepis paradoxa, Psammolepis alata (225777) | |
Late/Upper Frasnian | Russian Federation | Psammosteus sp. (90336) | |
Pennsylvanian | Ireland | Psammosteus granulatus (132818) | |
Pennsylvanian | United Kingdom | Psammosteus vermicularis (132819) | |
Early/Lower Turonian | Czech Republic | Gomphodus scrobiculatus (90516 90518) |