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Hystricidae (porcupine)
Taxonomy
Hystricidae was named by Fischer de Waldheim (1817). It is extant.
It was corrected as Histricidae by Gray (1825).
It was assigned to Rosores by Gray (1821); to Glires by Gray (1825) and Bonaparte (1850); to Simplicidentata by Cope (1889); to Simplicidentata by Flower (1883) and Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Hystricomorpha by Gadow (1898); to Hystricomorpha by Hay (1902); to Hystricognathi by Jaekel (1911); to Rodentia by Nowak (1991); to Hystricomorpha by Carroll (1988) and Nowak (1999); to Phiomorpha by Huchon and Douzery (2001); and to Hystricognathi by Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Coster et al. (2010).
It was corrected as Histricidae by Gray (1825).
It was assigned to Rosores by Gray (1821); to Glires by Gray (1825) and Bonaparte (1850); to Simplicidentata by Cope (1889); to Simplicidentata by Flower (1883) and Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Hystricomorpha by Gadow (1898); to Hystricomorpha by Hay (1902); to Hystricognathi by Jaekel (1911); to Rodentia by Nowak (1991); to Hystricomorpha by Carroll (1988) and Nowak (1999); to Phiomorpha by Huchon and Douzery (2001); and to Hystricognathi by Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Coster et al. (2010).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1817 | Hystricidae Fischer de Waldheim |
| 1821 | Histricidae Gray p. 304 |
| 1825 | Histricidae Gray p. 341 |
| 1850 | Hystricidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1883 | Hystricidae Flower p. 185 |
| 1889 | Hystricidae Cope p. 876 |
| 1891 | Hystricidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91 |
| 1898 | Hystricidae Gadow p. 43 |
| 1902 | Hystricidae Hay p. 732 |
| 1911 | Hystricidae Jaekel p. 222 |
| 1988 | Hystricidae Carroll |
| 1991 | Hystricidae Nowak |
| 1999 | Hystricidae Nowak |
| 2001 | Hystricidae Huchon and Douzery p. 242 |
| 2005 | Hystricidae Wilson and Reeder |
| 2010 | Hystricidae Coster et al. p. 702 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Hystricidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [porcupine]
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G. Atherurus Cuvier 1829 [brush-tailed porcupine]
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Atherurus macrourus Linnaeus 1758 [Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine]
G. Hystrix Linnaeus 1758 [porcupine]
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Subg. Hystrix (Acanthion) Cuvier 1823
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Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura Linnaeus 1758 [Malayan porcupine]
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Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura bengalensis Blyth 1851
Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura hodgsoni Gray 1847
Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura subcristata Swinhoe 1870
Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura yunnanensis Anderson 1878
Hystrix (Acanthion) brachyura brachyura Linnaeus 1758
Hystrix (Acanthion) javanica Cuvier 1823 [Sunda porcupine]
Subg. †Hystrix (Hystricops) Leidy 1858
Subg. Hystrix (Hystrix) Linnaeus 1758
Subg. Hystrix (Thecurus) Lyon 1907
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Hystrix (Thecurus) crassispinis Günther 1876 [Thick-spined porcupine]
Hystrix (Thecurus) pumila Günther 1879 [Phillipine porcupine]
Hystrix (Thecurus) sumatrae Lyon 1907 [Sumatran porcupine]
Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852 [Cape porcupine]
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Hystrix (Hystrix) africaeaustralis zuluensis Roberts 1936
†Hystrix angressi Frenkel 1971
†Hystrix arayanensis Sen 2001
Hystrix cristata Linnaeus 1758 [crested porcupine]
†Hystrix depereti Sen 2001
†Hystrix kayae Halaçlar et al. 2023
†Hystrix primigenia Wagner 1848
G. †Sivacanthion Colbert 1933
G. Spygurus Gray 1825
G. Trichys Günther 1876 [long-tailed porcupine]
G. †Xenohystrix Greenwood 1955
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tortonian to the top of the Holocene or 11.62000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.608 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.608 Ma
Collections (234 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Miocene | India (Jammu and Kashmir) | Sivacanthion complicates (11797) | |
| Tortonian | Kenya | Hystricidae indet. (219711) | |
| Tortonian | China (Yunnan) | Hystrix sp. (11798) | |
| Tortonian | Moldova | Hystrix bessarabica (75802) Hystrix sp. (75803) | |
| Tortonian - Messinian | Kenya | Hystrix sp. (22241) | |
| Tortonian - Zanclean | Ethiopia | Hystrix sp., Xenohystrix indet., Atherurus indet. (22139) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Attiki) | Hystrix primigenia (195562) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Algeria | Hystrix sp. (34642) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Turkey (Usak) | Hystrix primigenia (34462) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Greece (Attica) | Hystrix primigenia (202630) Lamprodon primigenius (182754) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Turkey (Cankiri) | Hystrix kayae (184368) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Algeria (Oran) | Hystrix sp. (136913) | |
| MN 11 | Austria (Burgenland) | Hystrix suevica (37789) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Euboea) | Hystrix primigenia (202213) | |
| Turolian | Spain (Valencia) | Hystrix sp. (40758) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Makedonia Thraki) | Hystrix primigenia (157582) | |
| Turolian | Afghanistan | Hystrix sp. (75492) | |
| Turolian | Russian Federation (Rostovskaya Oblast') | Hystrix primigenia (174455) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Samos Island) | Hystrix primigenia (205351) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Larissa) | Hystrix primigenia (207134) | |