| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Icteridae
Taxonomy
Icteridae was named by Vigors (1825). It is extant.
It was reranked as the subfamily Icterinae by Emslie (1992) and Parmalee (1992).
It was assigned to Passeres by Hay (1902); to Fringilloidae by Hay (1930); to Oscines by Lambrecht (1933); to Passeres by Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); to Emberizidae by Emslie (1992) and Parmalee (1992); and to Passeriformes by Alvarez (1977), Shoshani et al. (1989) and Clements et al. (2017).
It was reranked as the subfamily Icterinae by Emslie (1992) and Parmalee (1992).
It was assigned to Passeres by Hay (1902); to Fringilloidae by Hay (1930); to Oscines by Lambrecht (1933); to Passeres by Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); to Emberizidae by Emslie (1992) and Parmalee (1992); and to Passeriformes by Alvarez (1977), Shoshani et al. (1989) and Clements et al. (2017).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Icteridae Vigors |
| 1902 | Icteridae Hay p. 537 |
| 1930 | Icteridae Hay p. 357 |
| 1933 | Icteridae Lambrecht p. 643 |
| 1940 | Icteridae Wetmore p. 75 |
| 1956 | Icteridae Wetmore p. 96 |
| 1977 | Icteridae Alvarez p. 217 |
| 1989 | Icteridae Shoshani et al. p. 436 |
| 1992 | Icterinae Emslie p. 264 |
| 1992 | Icterinae Parmalee p. 316 |
| 2017 | Icteridae Clements et al. |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Icteridae Vigors 1825
show all | hide all
G. Agelaius Vieillot 1816
+
Agelaius gubernator Wagler 1832
Agelaius phoeniceus Linnaeus 1766 [red-winged blackbird]
Agelaius tricolor Audubon 1837 [tricolor blackbird]
G. Cassidix Lesson 1831
G. Euphagus Cassin 1866 [blackbird]
+
†Euphagus affinis Shufeldt 1891
Euphagus cyanocephalus Wagler 1829 [Brewer's blackbird]
†Euphagus magnirostris Miller 1929 [large-billed blackbird]
G. Icterus Brisson 1760 [New World oriole]
+
Icterus bullockii Swainson 1827 [Bullock's oriole]
Icterus oberi Lawrence 1880 [Montserrat oriole]
Icterus spurius Linnaeus 1766 [orchard oriole]
Invalid names: Xanthornus Cuvier 1800 [synonym]
G. Megaquiscalus Cassin 1866
G. Molothrus Swainson 1832
+
Molothrus aeneus Wagler 1829 [bronzed cowbird]
Molothrus ater Boddaert 1783 [brown-headed cowbird]
G. †Pandanaris Miller 1947
+
†Pandanaris convexa Miller 1947 [cowbird]
+
Invalid names: Pandanaris floridana Brodkorb 1957 [synonym]
G. Quiscalus Vieillot 1816 [grackle]
+
Quiscalus lugubris Swainson 1838 [carib grackle]
Quiscalus major Viellot 1819 [boat-tailed grackle]
Quiscalus mexicanus Gmelin 1788 [great-tailed grackle]
Quiscalus quiscula Linnaeus 1758 [common grackle]
G. †Scolecophagus Swainson
G. Sturnella Vieillot 1816 [meadowlark]
+
Sturnella magna Linnaeus 1758 [eastern meadowlark]
Sturnella neglecta Audubon 1844 [western meadowlark]
G. Xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1850
+
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1826 [yellow-headed blackbird]
Invalid names: Icterini del Hoyo et al. 2014 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
| Source: subf = subfamily, o = order | |||||
| References: Naka 2004, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Gelasian to the top of the Holocene or 2.58800 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Collections (48 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blancan | USA (Florida) | Icteridae indet., Agelaius phoeniceus (19753) | |
| Gelasian | USA (Florida) | Euphagus sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella magna (20384) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Agelaius sp. (19750) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Jalisco) | Sturnella sp. (169983) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Agelaius phoeniceus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii, Agelaius tricolor (176098) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater (20350) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Colorado) | Agelaius phoeniceus (152653) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | Sturnella neglecta (20639) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Puebla) | Icterus sp. (230717) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | Pandanaris floridana, Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula, Sturnella magna (20491) Quiscalus mexicanus (20398) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Sonora) | Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Pandanaris convexa, Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Quiscalus mexicanus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Molothrus aeneus, Icterus spurius (20495) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (New Mexico) | Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (76060) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Cayman Islands | Icterus sp. (209851) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | Venezuela (Zulia) | Icterus spurius, Sturnella magna, Euphagus magnirostris, Chrysomus icterocephalus, Gymnomystax mexicanus, Quiscalus lugubris (63515) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (Florida) | Megaquiscalus major, Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula (154771) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Alabama) | Quiscalus quiscula (84181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Idaho) | Agelaius phoeniceus (20569) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bahamas (Great Abaco Island) | Sturnella magna (144663) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Sturnella sp., Quiscalus sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Euphagus magnirostris (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bahamas | Margarops fuscatus (194589) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Tennessee) | Sturnella sp. (82890) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula (154773) Sturnella magna (154936) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Florida) | Icterinae indet. (154722) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New Mexico) | Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (93281) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Agelaius sp., Sturnella sp., Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus (93251) Scolecophagus affinis (176222) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Agelaius phoeniceus (104697) Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater (82258) Sturnella sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Icterus spurius, Dolichonyx oryzivorus (103991) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Agelaius phoeniceus (176267) Agelaius sp., Icterus sp., Xanthocephalus sp., Sturnella neglecta, Euphagus magnirostris (190077) Euphagus cyanocephalus (155409) Sturnella neglecta (44954 120829 218989) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii (123918) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii, Agelaius tricolor (215552) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | Cremaster tytthus, Agelaius phoeniceus, Sturnella magna (20573) Pandanaris floridana, Cremaster tytthus, Molothrus ater, Quiscalus quiscula, Sturnella magna (20595) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (late glacial) | USA (Arizona) | Icterinae indet. (93374) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Bahamas (New Providence Island) | Molothrus ater, Sturnella magna (194588) Sturnella sp. (144649) | |
| Holocene | Montserrat | Icterus oberi (194569) | |
| Holocene | Bahamas | Agelaius phoeniceus (194592) | |
| Holocene | Mexico (Chiapas) | Quiscalus mexicanus (195047) | |
| Holocene | USA (Ohio) | Quiscalus quiscula (195062) |