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Endoptygma

Gastropoda - Xenophoridae

Taxonomy
Endoptygma was named by Gabb (1877) [Sepkoski's age data: K Sn].

It was reranked as Xenophora (Endoptygma) by Squires and Saul (2001).

It was assigned to Xenophora by Squires and Saul (2001); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Xenophoridae by Global Biodiversity Information Facility (2015).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1877Endoptygma Gabb
2001Xenophora (Endoptygma) Squires and Saul p. 52
2002Endoptygma Sepkoski
2015Endoptygma Global Biodiversity Information Facility

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
superfamilyXenophoroideaTroschel 1852
familyXenophoridaeTroschel 1852
genusEndoptygmaGabb 1877

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Endoptygma Gabb 1877
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†Endoptygma umbilicata Tourney 1854
†Xenophora (Endoptygma) hermax Squires and Saul 2001
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. L. Squires and L. R. Saul 2001Gabb (1877) provided the name Endoptygma for Xenophora spp. possessing a strong revolving rib in the inner surface of the base of the shell. A number of species, in addition to X. umbilicata, X. plicata (Zekeli, 1852), and X. leprosa (Morton, 1834), exhibit this inner rib, but no modern Xenophora do so. The feature has been considered to be a gerontic characteristic and of no systematic importance (Stephenson, 1941; Sohl, 1960; Kollmann, 1980; Ponder, 1983). The specimens of X. hermax, n. sp., however, do not support this conclusion because they show that the rib is not restricted to a late stage of individual development.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: grazerf
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 08:06:03
Modified: 2009-09-10 10:06:03
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Santonian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 85.80000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (64 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5Austria Xenophora plicata (177758)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (88610)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Mississippi) Xenophora leprosa (7456 7459 32139 32140)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (California) Xenophora hermax (177879 177880 177881)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Tennessee) Xenophora leprosa (88357)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Xenophora leprosa (6170 6171 6172 6175)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (3883)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (57916)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Xenophora leprosa (7515)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Xenophora leprosa (7600)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (4380)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Xenophora leprosa (125950)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Xenophora leprosa (4242 4325)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Texas) Xenophora leprosa (4412 4511 4522)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Xenophora leprosa (4137 4143 4147 4148 4149 4151 4152 4153 4154 4155 4156 4160 4161 4163 4164 4167)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Xenophora leprosa (4183 4184 4186 4193 4197 4200 4201 4202 4203 4205 4206 4207 4213 4214 4215 4216 4222 4225 4229 4230 4231 4234 83225)