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Osteostraci

Osteostraci

Taxonomy
Osteostraci was named by Lankaster (1868).

It was reranked as the order Osteostraci by Hay (1902), Dineley and Metcalf (1999); it was synonymized subjectively with Cephalaspidiformes by Long (2011), Nelson et al. (2016); it was reranked as the class Osteostraci by Gadow (1898), van der Laan (2019).

It was assigned to Hypostomata by Gadow (1898); to Aspidoganoidei by Hay (1902); to Monorrhina by Obruchev (1964); to Agnatha by Dineley and Metcalf (1999); and to Osteostracomorphi by van der Laan (2019).

Subtaxa
Ateleaspidiformes, Benneviaspidida, Benneviaspidiformes, Camptaspis, Cephalaspidiformes, Cornuata, Thyestiformes, Thyestiida, Tremataspidida, Tremataspidiformes, Waengsjoeaspis, Yvonaspis, Zenaspidida
Sister taxa
Cornuata
Entered
by M. Carrano on 2008-02-19; modified by P. Novack-Gottshall on 2024-10-07

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1868Osteostraci Lankaster
1898Osteostraci Gadow p. 4
1902Osteostraci Hay p. 340
1964Osteostraci Obruchev p. 106
1999Osteostraci Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2019Osteostraci van der Laan

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumVertebrata
superclassOsteostracomorphi
classOsteostraci(Lankaster 1868)
classOsteostraci(Lankaster 1868)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Osteostraci Lankaster 1868
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Or. †Benneviaspidida Janvier 1996
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Superfm. †Boreaspidoidei Stensio 1958
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G. †Severaspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
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†Severaspis rostralis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
G. †Ectinaspis Wängsjö 1952
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†Ectinaspis heintzi Wängsjö 1952
G. †Securiaspis Stensio 1932
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†Securiaspis caledonica White 1963
†Securiaspis kingi Stensio 1932
†Securiaspis kitchini Stensio 1932
†Securiaspis waterstoni White 1963
Or. †Benneviaspidiformes Afanassieva 1991
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Fm. †Benneviaspididae Denison 1951
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G. †Benneviaspis Stensiö 1927
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†Benneviaspis anglica Stensio 1932
†Benneviaspis holtedahli Stensio 1927
†Benneviaspis lankesteri Stensio 1932
†Benneviaspis longicornis Wangsjo 1937
†Benneviaspis urvantsevi Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
†Benneviaspis whitei Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
G. †Citharaspis Afanassieva 1991
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†Citharaspis junia Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
†Citharaspis polonica Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
Fm. †Boreaspididae Stensio 1958
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G. †Belonaspis Janvier 1985
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†Belonaspis minuta Janvier 1985
†Belonaspis puella Janvier 1985
G. †Boreaspis Stensio 1927
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†Boreaspis batoides Wängsjö 1952
†Boreaspis ceratops Wängsjö 1952
†Boreaspis intermedia Wängsjö 1952
†Boreaspis macrorhynchus Wängsjö 1952
†Boreaspis puella Wängsjö 1952
†Boreaspis rostrata Stensio 1927
†Boreaspis spinicornis Wängsjö 1952
G. †Dicranaspis Janvier 1985
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†Dicranaspis circinus Janvier 1985
†Dicranaspis curtirostris Janvier 1985
†Dicranaspis gracilis Janvier 1985
G. †Hapilaspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
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†Hapilaspis apheles Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
G. †Hoelaspis Stensio 1927
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†Hoelaspis angulata Stensio 1927
G. †Spatulaspis Janvier 1985
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†Spatulaspis costata Wängsjö 1952
†Spatulaspis robusta Janvier 1985
G. †Tauraspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
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†Tauraspis rara Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
Fm. †Mimetaspididae Stensiö 1958
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G. †Mimetaspis Stensio 1958
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†Mimetaspis concordis Voichyshyn 1994
†Mimetaspis glazewskii Janvier 1985
†Mimetaspis hoeli Wängsjö 1952
Fm. †Pattenaspididae Stensiö 1958
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G. †Pattenaspis Stensio 1958
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†Pattenaspis acuminata Wängsjö 1952
†Pattenaspis bardenheueri Friman and Janvier 1986
†Pattenaspis rogalai Balabai 1962
†Pattenaspis woschmidti Friman and Janvier 1986
G. †Camptaspis Branson and Mehl 1931
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†Camptaspis utahensis Branson and Mehl 1931
Or. †Cephalaspidiformes Berg 1937
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G. †Aachenaspis Egerton 1857
Subor. †Ateleaspidoidei
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Fm. †Ateleaspididae Traquair 1899
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G. †Ateleaspis Traquair 1899
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†Ateleaspis robusta Ritchie 1967
†Ateleaspis tessellata Traquair 1899
Invalid names: Aceraspis Kiaer 1911 [synonym]
G. †Hemicyclaspis Lankaster 1870
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†Hemicyclaspis murchisoni Lankester 1870
Invalid names: Hemiteleaspis Westoll 1945 [synonym]
G. †Hirella Cossmann 1920
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†Hirella denisoni Heintz 1969
†Hirella gracilis Heintz 1939
Invalid names: Micraspis Kiaer 1911 [replaced]
Invalid names: Ateleaspidinae Tranqiair 1899 [empty]
Fm. †Kalanaspididae Tinn and Märss 2018
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G. †Kalanaspis Tinn and Märss 2018
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†Kalanaspis delectabilis Tinn and Märss 2018
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Fm. †Cephalaspididae Agassiz 1844
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G. †Cephalaspis Agassiz 1835
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Subg. †Cephalaspis (Cwmaspis) White and Toombs 1983
†Cephalaspis acadica Robertson 1936
†Cephalaspis agassizi Stensio 1932
†Cephalaspis campbelltonensis Whiteaves 1881
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Invalid names: Cephalaspis whiteavesi Traquair 1890 [synonym]
†Cephalaspis canadensis Robertson 1936
†Cephalaspis dawsoni Lankester 1870
†Cephalaspis gabrielsei Dineley and Loeffler 1976
†Cephalaspis jexi Traquair 1893
†Cephalaspis laticeps Traquair 1890
†Cephalaspis lewisii Agassiz 1835
†Cephalaspis lightbodii Lankester 1870
†Cephalaspis lloydii Agassiz 1835
†Cephalaspis lyelli Agassiz 1835
†Cephalaspis murchisoni Egerton 1857
†Cephalaspis novaescotiae Denison 1955
†Cephalaspis oeselensis Robertson 1939
†Cephalaspis pagei Lankester 1870
†Cephalaspis podolica Balabai 1962
†Cephalaspis powriei Lankester 1870
†Cephalaspis rostratus Agassiz 1835
†Cephalaspis scotica White 1963
†Cephalaspis westolli Russell 1954
†Cephalaspis whitei Stensio 1932
†Cephalaspis wyomingensis Bryant 1933
Invalid names: Cephalaspidae Huxley 1861 [synonym]
Fm. †Parameteoraspididae Sansom 2009
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Subfm. †Escuminaspidinae Arsenault and Janvier 1995
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G. †Balticaspis Lyarskaya 1981
G. †Levesquaspis Arsenault and Janvier 1995
G. †Trewinia Janvier and Newman 2004
G. †Escuminaspis Traquair 1893
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†Escuminaspis laticeps Traquair 1893
Invalid names: Alaspis Orvig 1957 [synonym]
G. †Parameteoraspis Blieck et al. 1987
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†Parameteoraspis gigas Janvier 1981
†Parameteoraspis oblonga Blieck et al. 1987
Fm. †Superciliaspididae Scott and Wilson 2015
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G. †Dentapelta Scott and Wilson 2015
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†Dentapelta loefflerae Scott and Wilson 2015
G. †Glabrapelta Scott and Wilson 2015
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†Glabrapelta cristata Scott and Wilson 2015
†Glabrapelta minima Scott and Wilson 2015
G. †Superciliaspis Adrain and Wilson 1994
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†Superciliaspis gabrielsei Adrain and Wilson 1994
G. †Meelaidaspis Märss et al. 2014
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†Meelaidaspis gennadii Märss et al. 2014
G. †Ohesaareaspis Märss et al. 2014
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†Ohesaareaspis ponticulata Märss et al. 2014
Subor. †Scolenaspidoidei Afanassieva 1991
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Fm. †Scolenaspididae Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Scolenaspis Jarvik 1954
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†Scolenaspis signata Wängsjö 1952
G. †Ukrainaspis Sansom 2009
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Invalid names: Heraspis Afanassieva 1991 [replaced]
G. †Victoraspis Carlsson and Blom 2008
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†Victoraspis longicornualis Carlsson and Blom 2008
G. †Zychaspis Janvier 1985
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†Zychaspis bucovinensis Voichyshyn 2011
†Zychaspis concinna Voichyshyn 2001
†Zychaspis elegans Balabai 1962
†Zychaspis granulata Voichyshyn 2011
†Zychaspis siemiradzkii Janvier 1985
Fm. †Zenaspididae Stensio 1958
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G. †Diademaspis Janvier 1985
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†Diademaspis jarviki Wangsjo 1952
†Diademaspis mackenziensis Adrain and Wilson 1994
†Diademaspis poplinae Janvier 1985
†Diademaspis stensioiei Afanassieva 1989
G. †Machairaspis Janvier 1985
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†Machairaspis battaili Janvier 1985
†Machairaspis ibex Wängsjö 1952
†Machairaspis isachseni Janvier 1985
†Machairaspis serrata Scott and Wilson 2013
G. †Stensiopelta Denison 1951
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†Stensiopelta pustulata Janvier 1985
†Stensiopelta woodwardi Denison 1951
G. †Tegaspis Wängsjö 1952
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†Tegaspis kolleri Wängsjö 1952
†Tegaspis waengsjoei Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
G. †Zenaspis Lankaster 1869
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†Zenaspis dzieduszyckii Voichyshyn 2006
†Zenaspis kasymyri Voichyshyn 2011
†Zenaspis salweyi Egerton 1857
G. †Tuvaspis Obruchev 1956
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†Tuvaspis margaritae Obruchev 1956
Subcl. †Cornuata Janvier 1985
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G. †Hildenaspis Janvier 1976
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†Hildenaspis digitalis Janvier 1976
Invalid names: Cephalaspidiens Janvier 1985 [empty]
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Fm. †Kiaeraspididae Stensio 1932
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Subfm. †Acrotomaspidinae Janvier 1981
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G. †Acrotomaspis Wängsjö 1952
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†Acrotomaspis instabilis Wängsjö 1952
G. †Gustavaspis Janvier 1981
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†Gustavaspis trinodis Janvier 1981
G. †Axinaspis Wängsjö 1952
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†Axinaspis whitei Wängsjö 1952
G. †Kiaeraspis Stensio 1927
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G. †Nectaspis Wängsjö 1952
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†Nectaspis areolata Wängsjö 1952
†Nectaspis dellei Wängsjö 1952
†Nectaspis peltata Wängsjö 1952
G. †Norselaspis Janvier 1981
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†Norselaspis glacialis Janvier 1981
Fm. †Procephalaspididae Stensiö 1958
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G. †Procephalaspis Denison 1951
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†Procephalaspis oeselensis Denison 1951
Fm. †Thyestidae Rohon 1892
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G. †Thyestes Eichwald 1854
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†Thyestes verrucosus Eichwald 1854
Fm. †Tremataspididae Schmidt 1866
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G. †Aestiaspis Janvier and Lelievre 1994
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†Aestiaspis viitaensis Janvier and Lelievre 1994
G. †Dartmuthia Patten 1931
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†Dartmuthia gemmifera Patten 1931
†Dartmuthia procera Märss et al. 2014
G. †Dobraspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1997
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†Dobraspis uralensis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1997
G. †Sclerodus Agassiz 1839
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†Sclerodus pustuliferus Agassiz 1839
G. †Tannuaspis Obruchev 1956
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†Tannuaspis levenkoi Obruchev 1956
G. †Timanaspis Kossovoi and Obruchev 1962
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†Timanaspis kossovoii Kossovoi and Obruchev 1962
Subfm. †Tremataspidinae Woodward 1891
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G. †Oeselaspis Robertson 1935
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†Oeselaspis pustulata Robertson 1935
G. †Tremataspis Schmidt 1866
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†Tremataspis mammillata Patten 1931
†Tremataspis milleri Patten 1931
†Tremataspis obruchevi Afanassieva and Karatajute-Talimaa 1998
†Tremataspis perforata Märss et al. 2014
†Tremataspis rohoni Robertson 1939
†Tremataspis schmidti Rohon 1892
Invalid names: Aestiaspidinae Afanassieva 1996 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Witaaspididae Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Witaaspis Robertson 1939
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†Witaaspis patteni Robertson 1939
†Witaaspis schrenckii Robertson 1939
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Invalid names: Tremataspis schrenkii Pander 1856 [replaced]
Or. †Thyestiida Janvier 1996
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G. †Auchenaspis Egerton 1857
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†Auchenaspis egertoni Lankester 1870
†Auchenaspis salteri Egerton 1857
G. †Ilemoraspis Obruchev 1961
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†Ilemoraspis kirkinskayae Obruchev 1961
Superfm. †Kiaeraspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Didymaspis Lankester 1867
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†Didymaspis grindrodi Lankester 1867
Superfm. †Tremataspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Saaremaaspis Robertson 1938
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†Saaremaaspis mickwitzi Robertson 1938
G. †Tyriaspis Heintz 1967
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†Tyriaspis whitei Heintz 1967
Or. †Tremataspidida Obruchev 1964
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Invalid names: Tannuaspididae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Or. †Tremataspidiformes Berg 1937
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G. †Tahulaspis Märss et al. 2014
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†Tahulaspis ordinata Märss et al. 2014
†Tahulaspis praevia Märss et al. 2014
G. †Waengsjoeaspis Janvier 1985
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†Waengsjoeaspis excellens Janvier 1985
†Waengsjoeaspis nahanniensis Adrian and Wilson 1994
†Waengsjoeaspis platycornis Scott and Wilson 2012
G. †Yvonaspis Belles-Isles 1989
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†Yvonaspis campbelltonensis Belles-Isles 1989
Or. †Zenaspidida Stensio 1958
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G. †Spangenhelmaspis Sansom 2009
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†Spangenhelmaspis quadrata Wangsjo 1952
†Spangenhelmaspis staxrudi Stensio 1927
G. †Wladysagitta Voichyshyn 2006
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†Wladysagitta janvieri Voichyshyn 2006
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Invalid names: Cephalaspis acutirostrus Stensio 1932 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Ateleaspidiformes Tarlo 1967 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available