Where: Los Angeles County, California (34.5° N, 118.2° W: paleocoordinates 34.5° N, 118.2° W)
When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)
• Specimens at La Brea mostly range from 11,500 to 35,000 years old. One of the older pits, pit 77, has a mean calibrated age of 35,370, while a younger pit, pits 61/67, has a mean calibrated age of 11,581 before present. Many other pits fall in between these dates, however, most seem to occur between 20,000–29,000 years ago
Environment/lithology: tar; black tar
Size class: macrofossils
Primary reference: D. B. Jones and L. R. G. Desantis. 2017. Dietary ecology of ungulates from the La Brea tar pits in southern California: A multi-proxy approach. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 465(15):110-127 [M. Uhen/J. So/P. Holroyd]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 190077: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Jeankyong So on 27.11.2017, edited by Mark Uhen
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Mammalia | |
"Equus occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus
"Equus occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus Hibbard 1955 horse | |
Bison antiquus Leidy 1852 bison | |
Camelops hesternus Leidy 1873 camel | |
Reptilia | |
Colymbus sp. Linnaeus 1758 avialan | |
"Parapavo californicus" = Meleagris californica
"Parapavo californicus" = Meleagris californica Miller 1909 turkey | |
"Lophortyx californica" = Callipepla californica
"Lophortyx californica" = Callipepla californica Shaw 1798 California quail | |
Aves | |
Charadriiformes indet. Huxley 1867 shorebird | |
Rissa ? tridactyla Linnaeus 1758 black-legged kittiwake | |
"Squatarola squatarola" = Pluvialis squatarola, "Oxyechus vociferus" = Charadrius vociferus, "Eupoda montana" = Charadrius montanus
"Squatarola squatarola" = Pluvialis squatarola Linnaeus 1758 black-bellied plover
"Oxyechus vociferus" = Charadrius vociferus Linnaeus 1758 killdeer
"Eupoda montana" = Charadrius montanus Townsend 1837 mountain plover | |
Limosa ? fedoa, Limnodromus griseus, Numenius americanus, "Capella delicata" = Gallinago delicata, "Totanus melanoleucus" = Tringa melanoleuca
Limosa ? fedoa Linnaeus 1758 marbled godwit
Limnodromus griseus Gmelin 1789 short-billed dowitcher
Numenius americanus Bechstein 1812 long-billed curlew
"Capella delicata" = Gallinago delicata Ord 1825 Wilson's snipe
"Totanus melanoleucus" = Tringa melanoleuca Gmelin 1789 greater yellowlegs | |
Gymnogyps californianus Shaw 1797 California condor
Cathartes aura Linnaeus 1758 turkey vulture
Breagyps clarki Miller 1910 New World vulture
Coragyps occidentalis Miller 1909 New World vulture | |
"Nettion carolinense" = Anas crecca carolinensis, Anas platyrhynchos, "Nyroca ? valisineria" = Aythya valisineria, Querquedula sp., "Anabernicula miniscula" = Branta minuscula, Branta canadensis, "Chen ? rossi" = Anser rossii, "Chen hyperborea" = Anser caerulescens, Anser albifrons, Cygnus columbianus, "Chaulelasmus streperus" = Mareca strepera, Spatula clypeata
"Nettion carolinense" = Anas crecca carolinensis Gmelin 1789 green-winged teal
Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard
"Nyroca ? valisineria" = Aythya valisineria Wilson 1814 canvasback
Querquedula sp. Stephens 1826 duck
"Anabernicula miniscula" = Branta minuscula Wetmore 1924 goose
Branta canadensis Linnaeus 1758 Canada goose
"Chen ? rossi" = Anser rossii Cassin 1861 Ross's goose
"Chen hyperborea" = Anser caerulescens Linnaeus 1758 snow goose
Anser albifrons Scopoli 1769 greater white-fronted goose
Cygnus columbianus Ord 1815 tundra swan
"Chaulelasmus streperus" = Mareca strepera Linnaeus 1758 gadwall
Spatula clypeata Linnaeus 1758 northern shoveler | |
"Grus canadensis" = Antigone canadensis, "Grus americanus" = Grus americana
"Grus canadensis" = Antigone canadensis Linnaeus 1758 Sandhill crane
"Grus americanus" = Grus americana Linnaeus 1758 Whooping crane | |
Fulica americana Gmelin 1789 American coot | |
"Plegadis guarauna" = Aramus guarauna
"Plegadis guarauna" = Aramus guarauna Linnaeus 1762 limpkin | |
Geococcyx californianus Lesson 1829 Greater roadrunner | |
"Columba fasciata" = Patagioenas fasciata, "Zenaidura macroura" = Zenaida macroura, Ectopistes migratorius
"Columba fasciata" = Patagioenas fasciata Say 1822 band-tailed pigeon
"Zenaidura macroura" = Zenaida macroura Linnaeus 1758 mourning dove
Ectopistes migratorius Linnaeus 1758 passenger pigeon | |
"Asyndesmus lewis" = Melanerpes lewis, "Colaptes cafer" = Colaptes auratus cafer, Ceophloeus plicatus
"Asyndesmus lewis" = Melanerpes lewis Gray 1849 Lewis's woodpecker
"Colaptes cafer" = Colaptes auratus cafer Gmelin 1788 northern flicker
Ceophloeus plicatus woodpecker | |
"Otus asio" = Megascops asio, "Strix brea" = Oraristrix brea, "Speotyto cunicularia" = Athene cunicularia, Bubo virginianus, "Asio wilsonianus" = Asio otus wilsonianus, Asio flammeus, Glaucidium gnoma, "Cryptoglaux acadica" = Aegolius acadicus
"Otus asio" = Megascops asio Linnaeus 1758 eastern screech-owl
"Strix brea" = Oraristrix brea Howard 1933 Brea owl
"Speotyto cunicularia" = Athene cunicularia Molina 1782 burrowing owl
Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
"Asio wilsonianus" = Asio otus wilsonianus Lesson 1830 long-eared owl
Asio flammeus Pontoppidan 1763 short-eared owl
Glaucidium gnoma Wagler 1832 northern pygmy-owl
"Cryptoglaux acadica" = Aegolius acadicus Gmelin 1788 northern saw-whet owl | |
Tyto alba Scopoli 1769 barn owl | |
Podilymbus podiceps Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe | |
Sturnella neglecta Audubon 1844 western meadowlark
Icterus sp. Brisson 1760 New World oriole
Euphagus magnirostris Miller 1929 large-billed blackbird
? Xanthocephalus sp. Bonaparte 1850 perching bird
Agelaius sp. Vieillot 1816 perching bird | |
Spizella passerina Bechstein 1798 chipping sparrow
Amphispiza bilineata Cassin 1850 black-throated sparrow | |
Pica nuttalli, Corvus corax, "Corvus brachyrhynchos" = Corvus brachyrhynchos, "Corvus caurinus" = Corvus brachyrhynchos, Corvus cryptoleucus, Cyanocitta stelleri, Aphelocoma californica
Pica nuttalli Audubon 1837 yellow-billed magpie
Corvus corax Linnaeus 1758 common raven
"Corvus brachyrhynchos" = Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm 1822 American crow
"Corvus caurinus" = Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm 1822 American crow
Corvus cryptoleucus Couch 1854 crow
Cyanocitta stelleri Gmelin 1788 Steller's jay
Aphelocoma californica Vigors 1839 California scrub-jay | |
"Otocoris alpestris" = Eremophila alpestris
"Otocoris alpestris" = Eremophila alpestris Linnaeus 1759 horned lark | |
Tyrannus sp. Linnaeus 1766 tyrant flycatcher | |
Fringillidae indet. Vigors 1825 finch
Spinus pinus Wilson 1810 pine siskin
Spinus tristis Linnaeus 1758 American goldfinch | |
Lanius ludovicianus Linnaeus 1766 loggerhead shrike | |
Toxostoma redividum American thrashers
Oreoscoptes montanus Townsend 1837 sage thrasher | |
Sialia sp. Swainson 1827 bluebird | |
"Ajaia ajaja" = Platalea ajaja
"Ajaia ajaja" = Platalea ajaja Linnaeus 1758 roseate spoonbill | |
Butorides virescens, Ardea herodias, "Casmerodius albus" = Ardea alba, Egretta ? thula, "Florida ? caerulea" = Egretta caerulea
Butorides virescens Linnaeus 1758 green heron
Ardea herodias Linnaeus 1758 great blue heron
"Casmerodius albus" = Ardea alba Linnaeus 1758 great egret
Egretta ? thula Molina 1782 snowy egret
"Florida ? caerulea" = Egretta caerulea Linnaeus 1758 little blue heron | |
Mycteria wetmorei Howard 1935 stork
Ciconia maltha Miller 1910 asphalt stork | |
Aquila chrysaetos, Spizaetus grinnelli, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Morphnus woodwardi, Buteo sp., Buteo jamaicensis, Buteo swainsoni, Buteo lagopus, Buteo regalis, Astur atricapillus, Accipiter striatus velox, Accipiter cooperii, "Wetmoregyps daggetti" = Buteogallus (Wetmoregyps) daggetti, "Hypomorphnus fragilis" = Buteogallus fragilis, Circus hudsonius, Neogyps errans, Neophrontops americanus, Elanus leucurus
Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle
Spizaetus grinnelli Miller 1911 hawk-eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1766 bald eagle
Morphnus woodwardi Miller 1911 crested eagle
Buteo sp. de Lacepède 1799 hawk
Buteo jamaicensis Gmelin 1788 red-tailed hawk
Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte 1838 Swainson's hawk
Buteo lagopus Pontoppidan 1763 rough-legged hawk
Buteo regalis Gray 1844 ferruginous hawk
Astur atricapillus Wilson 1812 hawk
Accipiter striatus velox Wilson 1812 sharp-shinned hawk
Accipiter cooperii Bonaparte 1828 Cooper's hawk
"Wetmoregyps daggetti" = Buteogallus (Wetmoregyps) daggetti Miller 1915 black-hawks
"Hypomorphnus fragilis" = Buteogallus fragilis Miller 1911 black-hawks
Circus hudsonius Linnaeus 1766 Northern harrier
Neogyps errans Miller 1916 Old World vulture
Neophrontops americanus Miller 1916 Old World vulture
Elanus leucurus Vieillot 1818 white-tailed kite | |
Teratornis merriami Miller 1909 Merriam's teratorn
Cathartornis gracilis Miller 1910 teratorn | |
"Polyborus prelutosus" = Caracara cheriway, Falco sp., Falco mexicanus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sparverius, Falco columbarius
Falco sp. Linnaeus 1758 falcon
Falco mexicanus Schlegel 1850 Prairie falcon
Falco peregrinus Tunstall 1771 Peregrine falcon
Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel
Falco columbarius Linnaeus 1758 merlin |