PBDB Collection

Dinosaur Wash, PFV 122, Dying Grounds: Norian, Arizona
collected 1998

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Vertebrata indet. Lamarck 1801	Heckert 2004	4 specimens
	PEFO 20341, 20361-62, 20391
Osteichthyes

	Osteichthyes indet. Huxley 1880	Heckert 2004	5 specimens
	PEFO 20344, 20356, 20360, 20379, 20390
Ceratodontiformes - Arganodontidae

	Arganodontidae indet. Martin 1982
	= ? Arganodus sp. Martin 1979	Heckert 2004
Reptilia

	? Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768	Heckert 2004	8 specimens
	PEFO 20364-67, 20371-72, 20375-76

	Trilophosaurus buettneri Case 1928	Murry 1989	3 specimens
	PEFO 3893-95, teeth

	Archosauriformes indet. Gauthier 1986	Heckert 2004	3 specimens
	PEFO 20369

	Archosauriformes informal morphotype D	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20368

	Archosauriformes informal morphotype J	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20373

	Archosauriformes informal morphotype K	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20370

	Archosauriformes informal morphotype L	Heckert 2004	2 specimens
	PEFO 20366

	? Crosbysaurus sp. Heckert 2004	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20337

	Crosbysaurus harrisae Heckert 2004	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20336

	Vancleavea campi Long and Murry 1995	Nesbitt et al. 2009	1 specimen
	PEFO 4855, centrum

	Archosauria indet. (Cope 1869)	Heckert 2004	2 specimens
	PEFO 20377-78

	Dinosauriformes indet. Novas 1992	Parker 2006	1 specimen
	PEFO 34347
	= Silesauridae indet. Langer et al. 2010	Nesbitt et al. 2010
	Possible new taxon
Reptilia - Theropoda

	Theropoda indet. Marsh 1881	Therrien and Fastovsky 2000	1 individual
Reptilia - Ornithischia

	? Ornithischia indet. Seeley 1888	Therrien and Fastovsky 2000	2 specimens
	PEFO 20338-39
Reptilia - Parasuchidae

	Rutiodon sp. Emmons 1856
	"group A"
	= Leptosuchus sp. Case 1922	Long and Murry 1995
	UCMP, partial skull, squamosal, humerus

	Phytosauridae indet. Jaeger 1828	Therrien and Fastovsky 2000	8 specimens
	PEFO 20340, 20384-89, 20393
Reptilia

	Postosuchus kirkpatricki Chatterjee 1985
	= Rauisuchia indet. Huene 1942	Heckert 2004

	? Sphenosuchia indet.	Therrien and Fastovsky 2000

	Aetosauria indet. Lydekker 1889	Heckert 2004
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Metoposauridae

	Metoposauridae indet. Watson 1919	Therrien and Fastovsky 2000	7 specimens
	PEFO 20351-53, 20381-83

	Metoposaurus fraasi Lucas 1904
	= Buettneria perfecta Case 1922	Heckert 2004
	PEFO 34036, small interclavicle

	Apachesaurus gregorii Hunt 1993	Long and Murry 1995
	UCMP centra
Actinopterygii

	? Actinopterygii indet. Cope 1887	Heckert 2004	2 specimens
	PEFO 20346-47
	= Actinopterygii indet. Cope 1887	Mutter and Heckert 2006
Actinopteri - Perleidiformes - Colobodontidae

	Colobodontidae indet. Stensiö 1916	Murry 1989	14 specimens
	PEFO 3841-42, 3902-03
Palaeonisciformes - Palaeoniscidae

	aff. Turseodus sp. Leidy 1857	Murry 1989	2 specimens
	PEFO 3846, 3906, 20342-43
	= cf. Turseodus sp. Leidy 1857	Murry and Long 1989
Palaeonisciformes - Redfieldiidae

	Redfieldiidae indet. Hutchinson 1973	Murry 1989	4 specimens
	PEFO 3834, 20344, 20354, 20363

	? Redfieldiidae indet. Hutchinson 1973	Murry 1989	3 specimens
	PEFO 3835, 3846, 3901
Chondrichthyes

	? Chondrichthyes indet. Huxley 1880	Heckert 2004	3 elements
	PEFO 20357-59
Chondrichthyes - Xenacanthiformes - Xenacanthidae

	Xenacanthus moorei (Woodward 1889)	Murry 1989	172 specimens
	PEFO 3822-23, 3897
	= "Xenacanthus" moorei Woodward 1889	Heckert 2004
	PEFO 20349-50

	? Xenacanthus moorei (Woodward 1889)	Murry 1989	1 specimen
	PEFO 3896
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes

	Hybodontoidea indet. Agassiz 1834	Heckert 2004	1 specimen
	PEFO 20348

	? Lissodus sp. Brough 1935	Murry 1989	3 specimens
	PEFO 3829, 3898-99
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes - Lonchidiidae

	Lissodus humblei (Murry 1981)	Murry 1989	14 specimens
	PEFO 3826-27
unclassified

	Puercosuchus traverorum n. gen., n. sp. Marsh et al. 2022	Marsh et al. 2022	8 individuals
	Site "preserves a minimum of eight individuals of varying sizes". Holotype: PEFO 43914; associated right premaxilla and maxilla
see common names

Geography

Country:	United States	State/province:	Arizona	County:	Apache
Coordinates:	34.9° North, 109.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	10.4° North, 37.6° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text
Altitude:	5481 feet
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Triassic	Epoch:	Late Triassic
Stage:	Norian	10 m.y. bin:	Triassic 4
Key time interval:	Norian
Age range of interval:	227.3 - 205.7 m.y. ago
Age estimate:	218 ± 1 Ma (U/Pb)222.74 to 216.97 Ma (paleomagnetic)

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Chinle	Member:	Blue Mesa
Stratigraphic resolution:	bed
Stratigraphy comments: "stratigraphically several meters lower than PFV 121"; Parker & Irmis (2005: fig. 8) show this high in the Blue Mesa Member. Upper Blue MEsa Mbr. is dated at 220.1 Ma. Irmis et al. 2011: The SMC date of 218.1 ± 0.7 Ma (Fig. 2) indicates that the uppermost Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation and overlying strata are mid-Norian or younger in age based on the most recent Late Triassic timescale (Furin et al., 2006; Mundil et al., 2010; Muttoni et al., 2004, 2010). Kent et al. 2019: Magnetozones PF5r to PF10n in the underlying 65‐m‐thick section of the mudstone‐dominated Blue Mesa and Mesa Redondo members plausibly correlate to chrons E13r to E9n,

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	paleosol/pedogenic,green,blue calcareous mudstone
Secondary lithology:	paleosol/pedogenic mudstone
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: lower part with gleyed paleosols, poorly drained, reduced. upper part with "bluish calcic horizon toward the top of the sequence, in which the bones are thought to be preserved", and carbonate nodules.
Environment:	fine channel fill
Geology comments: local paleochannel scours dissect mudstones with paleosols; floodplain-dominated fluvial system with suspension-load, high-sinuosity streams. Bones preserved in distal floodplain, with sediments deposited by crevasse splays and sheet flooding.

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Degree of concentration:	dispersed
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Associated major elements:	some
Disassociated major elements:	many
Disassociated minor elements:	many
Fragmentation:	frequent

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	surface (float),surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:	paleoecologic analysis
Museum repositories:	NMMNH
Collection dates:	1998

Metadata

Also known as:	Dawn of the Dinosaurs, PEFO 85025, UCMP V7038, MNA 302/8, SMU 228, Camp Butte N1
Database number:	48547
Authorizer:	M. Carrano, E. Dunne, R. Butler	Enterer:	M. Carrano, E. Dunne, R. Butler
Modifier:	G. Varnham	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2005-03-22 19:53:32	Last modified:	2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:	the public	Released:	2005-03-22 19:53:32
Creative Commons license:	CC0

Reference information

Primary reference:

12930.

ETE

P. A. Murry and R. A. Long. 1989. Geology and paleontology of the Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park and vicinity, Arizona and a discussion of vertebrate fossils of the southwestern Upper Triassic. In S. G. Lucas and A. P. Hunt (eds.), Dawn of the Age of Dinosaurs in the American Southwest, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque 29-64 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

17273	ETE	A. B. Heckert. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 27:1-170 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
24941	ETE	A. B. Heckert and S. G. Lucas. 2006. Micro- and small vertebrate biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Upper Triassic Chinle Group, southwestern USA. In J. D. Harris, S. G. Lucas, J. A. Spielmann, M. G. Lockley, A. R. C. Milner, J. I. Kirkland (eds.), The Triassic-Jurassic Terrestrial Transition. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 37:94-104 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Wagner]
17974	ETE	A. P. Hunt and J. Wright. 1999. New discoveries of Late Triassic dinosaurs from Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. In V. L. Santucci & L. McClelland (eds.), National Park Service Geologic Resources Division Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/03. National Park Service Paleontological Research Volume 4:96-100 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
79158		R. B. Irmis, R. Mundil, J. W. Martz and W. G. Parker. 2011. High-resolution U-Pb ages from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation (New Mexico, USA) support a diachronous rise of dinosaurs. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 309:258-267 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham/G. Varnham]
79159		D. V. Kent, P. E. Olsen, C. Lepre, C. Rasmussen, R. Mundil, G. E. Gehrels, D. Giesler, R. B. Irmis, J. W. Geissman and W. G. Parker. 2019. Magnetochronology of the Entire Chinle Formation (Norian Age) in a Scientific Drill Core From Petrified Forest National Park (Arizona, USA) and Implications for Regional and Global Correlations in the Late Triassic. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
14122	ETE	R. A. Long and P. A. Murry. 1995. Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) Tetrapods from the Southwestern United States. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4:1-254 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Wagner]
78440		K. M. Loughney, D. E. Fastovsky, and W. G. Parker. 2011. Vertebrate fossil preservation in blue paleosols from the Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, with implications for vertebrate biostratigraphy in the Chinle Formation. Palaios 26(11):700-718 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
83433		A. D. Marsh, W. G. Parker, S. J. Nesbitt, B. T. Kligman, and M. R. Stocker. 2022. Puercosuchus traverorum n. gen. n. sp.: a new malerisaurine azendohsaurid (Archosauromorpha: Allokotosauria) from two monodominant bonebeds in the Chinle Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Arizona. Journal of Paleontology 96:1-39 [E. Dunne/E. Dunne]
12934	ETE	P. A. Murry. 1989. Microvertebrate fossils from the Petrified Forest and Owl Rock Members (Chinle Formation) in Petrified Forest National Park and vicinity, Arizona. In S. G. Lucas and A. P. Hunt (eds.), Dawn of the Age of Dinosaurs in the American Southwest, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque 249-277 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
24939	ETE	R. J. Mutter and A. B. Heckert. 2006. Re-investigation of enigmatic fish bones known as colobodontid/perleidid toothplates from the Upper Triassic Chinle Group (southwestern U.S.A.). In J. D. Harris, S. G. Lucas, J. A. Spielmann, M. G. Lockley, A. R. C. Milner, & J. I. Kirkland (eds.), The Triassic-Jurassic Terrestrial Transition. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 37:530-542 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Wagner]
32231		S. J. Nesbitt, C. A. Sidor, R. B. Irmis, K. D. Angielczyk, R. M. H. Smith and L. A. Tsuji. 2010. Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister group shows early diversification of Ornithodira. Nature 464:95-98 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
31327		S. J. Nesbitt, M. R. Stocker, B. J. Small and A. Downs. 2009. The osteology and relationships of Vancleavea campi (Reptilia: Archosauriformes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157:814-864 [R. Butler/R. Butler/R. Butler]
15512	ETE	W. Parker and R. B. Irmis. 2005. Advances in Late Triassic vertebrate paleontology based on new material from Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. Vertebrate Paleontology in Arizona, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 29:45-58 [M. Carrano/K. Maguire/M. Carrano]
16671	ETE	W. G. Parker. 2002. Correlation of locality numbers for vertebrate fossil sites in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. A. B. Heckert & S. G. Lucas (eds.), Upper Triassic Stratigraphy and Paleontology. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 21:37-42 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
31632		W. G. Parker. 2005. Faunal review of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of Arizona. In R. D. McCord (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology of Arizona, Mesa Southwest Museum Bulletin 11:34-54 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
18306	ETE	W. G. Parker. 2006. The stratigraphic distribution of major fossil localities in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. In W. G. Parker, S. R. Ash & R. B. Irmis (eds.), A Century of Research at Petrified Forest National Park, 1906-2006: Geology and Paleontology. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 62:47-61 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
5705	ETE 1461	F. Therrien and D.E. Fastovsky. 2000. Paleoenvironment of early theropods , Chinle Formation (Late Triassic), Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. Palaios 15:194-211 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]