Baltic amber (MCZ collection) (Eocene of Russian Federation)

Where: Kaliningrad, Russian Federation (54.9° N, 19.9° E: paleocoordinates 53.9° N, 15.2° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Priabonian (38.0 - 33.9 Ma)

• According to Aleksandrova and Zaporozhets (2008), the higher parts of the Prussian Formation (including the Blaue Erde or Blue Earth) belong to the Charlesdowniea clathrata angulosa dinocyst Zone. Based on its index species, this zone is concurrent to Zone W13 established in the Parisian basin (Châteauneuf and Gruas-Cavagnetto 1978), where it is correlated with nannoplankton zones NP18–NP21 (Powell, 1992) of the Priabonian. In the Paleogene zonation of northwestern Europe, the first occurrence of Thalassiphora fenestrata is designated at the base of the dinocyst Subzone D12b (36.20 +/- 0.1 Ma), which is correlated with zones NP18 (terminal part)–NP20 of the Priabonian (Luterbacher et al., 2004).

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; amber

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: amber

Reposited in the MCZ

• Some specimens originally in the Haren collection

Primary reference: C. T. Parsons. 1939. A ptiliid beetle from Baltic amber in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Psyche 46:62-64 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 124205: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 07.02.2012, edited by Arram Noshirvan, Amy Delelli and Annabelle Louderback

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Arachnida
 Araneae - Ephalmatoridae
Ephalmator fossilis n. gen. n. sp.24
Ephalmator fossilis n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7882
 Araneae - Salticidae
"Gorgopis frenata" = Gorgopsina frenata24, Eolinus theryi24
"Gorgopis frenata" = Gorgopsina frenata24 Koch and Berendt 1854 spider
MCZ 7269(113)
Eolinus theryi24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7284, 7276, 7324, 7284, 7276, 7324, 7138
 Araneae - Philodromidae
Eothanatus diritatis n. gen. n. sp.24, "Abliguritor plumosus n. sp." = Ablator plumosus24
Eothanatus diritatis n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7441
"Abliguritor plumosus n. sp." = Ablator plumosus24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7624
 Araneae - Trochanteriidae
"Adulatrix parva" = Sosybius parva24
"Adulatrix parva" = Sosybius parva24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7662
 Araneae - Hahniidae
Eocryphoeca gracilipes24 Koch and Berendt 1854 spider
MCZ 6803
 Araneae - Sparassidae
Caduceator quadrimaculatus n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7221
Eostaianus succini n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7997a
Zachria desiderabilis n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7139
 Araneae - Synotaxidae
Acrometa cristata24, "Eogonatium succini" = Acrometa succini24, "Elucus infelix n. sp." = Anandrus infelix24, "Elucus inermis" = Anandrus inermis24
Acrometa cristata24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7189
"Eogonatium succini" = Acrometa succini24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7439
"Elucus infelix n. sp." = Anandrus infelix24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7002, 7127a
"Elucus inermis" = Anandrus inermis24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7707a
 Araneae - Araneidae
Eustaloides setosus24 Petrunkevitch 1942 orb-weaving spider
MCZ 7445, 8213, 7953
Eustaloides succini24 Petrunkevitch 1942 orb-weaving spider
MCZ 8219, 8022
Eustaloides calceatus n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 orb-weaving spider
MCZ 7444, 6368
Eustaloides minor n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 orb-weaving spider
MCZ 7137
 Araneae - Linyphiidae
"Linyphia oblonga" = Custodela oblonga24
"Linyphia oblonga" = Custodela oblonga24 Koch and Berendt 1854 money spider/sheet weaver
MCZ 8519
 Araneae - Mimetidae
Ero permunda24 Petrunkevitch 1942 pirate spider
MCZ 1289
 Araneae - Theridiidae
"Eodipoena oculata" = Eomysmena oculata24, "Flegia longimana" = Episinus longimanus24, "Nactodipoena infulata" = Lasaeola infulata24
"Eodipoena oculata" = Eomysmena oculata24 Petrunkevitch 1942 cobweb spider
MCZ 6899(548)
"Flegia longimana" = Episinus longimanus24 Koch and Berendt 1854 cobweb spider
MCZ 7183, 7225
"Nactodipoena infulata" = Lasaeola infulata24 Koch and Berendt 1854 cobweb spider
 Araneae - Dictynidae
Eolathys debilis n. gen. n. sp.24, Eolathys succini n. gen. n. sp.24
Eolathys debilis n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7641b(2984)
Eolathys succini n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7453
 Araneae - Thomisidae
Syphax asper n. sp.24, Fiducia tenuipes n. gen. n. sp.24
Syphax asper n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 crab spider
MCZ 7661
Fiducia tenuipes n. gen. n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 crab spider
MCZ 7751a, 7432, 7704, 7192
 Araneae - Oecobiidae
"Paruroctea blauvelti" = Mizalia blauvelti24
"Paruroctea blauvelti" = Mizalia blauvelti24 Petrunkevitch 1942 disc web spider
MCZ 7127(3617)
 Araneae - Zoropsidae
Eomatachia latifrons24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 7223
Esuritor spinipes24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
MCZ 9741
 Araneae - Toxopidae
Myro hirsutus24 Petrunkevitch 1942 spider
 Araneae - Dysderidae
"Harpactes extinctus n. sp." = Harpactea extincta24
"Harpactes extinctus n. sp." = Harpactea extincta24 Petrunkevitch 1950 woodlouse hunter spider
MCZ 8241
 Araneae - Oonopidae
"Orchestina furca" = Orchestina (Baltorchestina) furca29 Wunderlich 1981 goblin spider
MCZ 7610(4676), 1484b
Orchestina baltica24 Petrunkevitch 1942 goblin spider
 Araneae - Segestriidae
Segestria plicata n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 tube-dwelling spider
MCZ 7436, 8500, 7174, 9761
Segestria elongata24 Koch and Berendt 1854 tube-dwelling spider
MCZ 7336b, 7180, 6784, 6789
 Araneae - Archaeidae
"Archaea hyperoptica" = Eoarchaea hyperoptica24
"Archaea hyperoptica" = Eoarchaea hyperoptica24 Menge 1854 spider
MCZ 7148(129)
 Araneae -
Auximus fossilis n. sp.24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7030, 7648, 7176
Eocryphoeca distincta24 Petrunkevitch 1950 spider
MCZ 7751
Insecta
 Diptera - Syrphidae
Spheginascia biappendiculata18 Meunier 1904 hover fly
MCZ 9076 (ssp. rectinervis)
Protorhingia carpenteri n. gen. n. sp.18 Hull 1945 hover fly
MCZ 3969
"Myiolepta woteni n. sp." = Myolepta woteni18 Hull 1945 hover fly
MCZ 9080
Palaeosphegina fumosa n. sp.18 Hull 1945 hover fly
MCZ 9075
Palaeosphegina baccha n. sp.18 Hull 1945 hover fly
MCZ 9029
Pseudosphegina carpenteri n. sp.19 Hull 1957 hover fly
MCZ 5124
 Diptera - Asteiidae
Succinasteia carpenteri n. gen. n. sp.17
Succinasteia carpenteri n. gen. n. sp.17 Hennig 1969 fly
MCZ 8004
 Diptera - Pallopteridae
Morgea macalpinei17 Hennig 1967 fly
MCZ 6501
 Diptera - Psilidae
Electrochyliza succini17 Hennig 1965 rust fly
MCZ 6500, 7219
 Diptera - Clusiomitidae
Acartophthalmites willii n. sp.23 Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2018 fly
MCZ 6545a
 Diptera - Phoridae
"Protoplatyphora tertiaria n. gen. n. sp." = Aenigmatias tertiarius4, "Protophorites fimbriatus n. gen. n. sp." = Aenigmatias tertiarius4, Hypoceridites dubitatus n. gen. n. sp.4, "Megaselia veterana n. sp." = Megaselia (Megaselia) veterana4, "Megaselia uncifera n. sp." = Megaselia (Megaselia) uncifera4, "Chaetocnemistoptera electra n. sp." = Hypocera electra4, Aneurina oligocoenica n. sp.4, Diploneura simplicior n. sp.4, Triphleba praeterita n. sp.4, "Paraspiniphora schmitzi n. sp." = Spiniphora schmitzi4, "Paraspiniphora parvipalpata n. sp." = Spiniphora parvipalpata4, "Paraspiniphora transita" = Spiniphora transita4, "Diploneura meunieri n. sp." = Godavaria meunieri4, Electrophora persetosa n. gen. n. sp.4
"Protoplatyphora tertiaria n. gen. n. sp." = Aenigmatias tertiarius4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8123-8129
"Protophorites fimbriatus n. gen. n. sp." = Aenigmatias tertiarius4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8121, 8122
Hypoceridites dubitatus n. gen. n. sp.4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8120
"Megaselia veterana n. sp." = Megaselia (Megaselia) veterana4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8133-8141
"Megaselia uncifera n. sp." = Megaselia (Megaselia) uncifera4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8130-8132
"Chaetocnemistoptera electra n. sp." = Hypocera electra4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 7689
Aneurina oligocoenica n. sp.4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8106-8108
Diploneura simplicior n. sp.4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8100, 8103
Triphleba praeterita n. sp.4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8116-8118, three other probably, one doubtfully
"Paraspiniphora schmitzi n. sp." = Spiniphora schmitzi4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8114, 8115
"Paraspiniphora parvipalpata n. sp." = Spiniphora parvipalpata4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8113
"Paraspiniphora transita" = Spiniphora transita4 Brues 1923 scuttle fly
MCZ 8110-8112
"Diploneura meunieri n. sp." = Godavaria meunieri4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8101, 8102
Electrophora persetosa n. gen. n. sp.4 Brues 1939 scuttle fly
MCZ 8119
 Diptera - Dryomyzidae
Prodryomyza electrica17 Hennig 1965 fly
MCZ 6547
 Hemiptera - Aradidae
Calisius balticus n. sp.25 Usinger 1941 flat bug
MCZ 4634
Mezira succinica n. sp.25 Usinger 1941 flat bug
MCZ 4635
 Hemiptera - Tingidae
"Cantacader avitus n. sp." = Paleocader avitus11
"Cantacader avitus n. sp." = Paleocader avitus11 Drake 1950 lace bug
 Hemiptera -
Electrocoris brunneus n. gen. n. sp.26, Electrocoris pubescens n. sp.26
Electrocoris brunneus n. gen. n. sp.26 Usinger 1942 true bug
MCZ 4639, 4640, 4641
Electrocoris pubescens n. sp.26 Usinger 1942 true bug
MCZ 4642
 Blattodea - Kalotermitidae
Electrotermes affinis12 Hagen 1856 termite
MCZ 9740, 9776, 9780, 9781, 9788
 Hymenoptera - Formicidae
"Iridomyrmex goepperti" = Ctenobethylus goepperti28, "Ctenobethylus succinalis n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenobethylus goepperti3, Dolichoderus tertiarius28, Dolichoderus sculpturatus28, "Iridomyrmex constrictus" = Yantaromyrmex constrictus28, "Iridomyrmex geinitzi" = Yantaromyrmex geinitzi28, "Pseudolasius boreus n. sp." = Sussudio boreus28, Prenolepis henschei28, Lasius schiefferdeckeri28, "Prenolepis pygmaea" = Nylanderia pygmaea28, "Gesomyrmex hoernesi" = Gesomyrmex hoernesi28, "Dimorphomyrmex theryi" = Gesomyrmex hoernesi28, Formica flori28, Protaneuretus succineus n. sp.28, Paraneuretus tornquisti n. sp.28
"Iridomyrmex goepperti" = Ctenobethylus goepperti28 Mayr 1868 ant
67, 104, 134, 291, 337, 859, 488, 980, 983, 1841 etc.
"Ctenobethylus succinalis n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenobethylus goepperti3 Mayr 1868 ant
MCZ 7666
Dolichoderus tertiarius28 Mayr 1868 ant
1894, 2412, 2441, etc.
Dolichoderus sculpturatus28 Mayr 1868 ant
415
"Iridomyrmex constrictus" = Yantaromyrmex constrictus28 Mayr 1868 ant
862, 2168
"Iridomyrmex geinitzi" = Yantaromyrmex geinitzi28 Mayr 1868 ant
265, 1438, 1665, 1692, 1650, 2433, etc
"Pseudolasius boreus n. sp." = Sussudio boreus28 Wheeler 1915 ant
976
Prenolepis henschei28 Mayr 1868 ant
200, 221, 254, 749, 1842, 1075, 1736, 1875 etc.
Lasius schiefferdeckeri28 Mayr 1868 ant
7, 441, 926, 927, 781, 1841, 1650, 1570, 1978, 2427, 2425, etc.; MCZ:ENT:PALE-43618 (ant host) in Belokobylskij et al. 2021
"Prenolepis pygmaea" = Nylanderia pygmaea28 Mayr 1868 ant
473, 1452, 1875, 2429
"Gesomyrmex hoernesi" = Gesomyrmex hoernesi28 Mayr 1868 ant
1498, 2646
"Dimorphomyrmex theryi" = Gesomyrmex hoernesi28 Mayr 1868 ant
976, 1733
Formica flori28 Mayr 1868 ant
220, 253, 373, 857, 855, 589, 442, 863, 927, 979, 983 etc.
Protaneuretus succineus n. sp.28 Wheeler 1915 ant
2172
Paraneuretus tornquisti n. sp.28 Wheeler 1915 ant
1349, 2435
 Hymenoptera - Bethylidae
"Homoglenus bifossatus n. sp." = Gloxinius bifossatus3, "Misepyris minor n. sp." = Rysepyris minor3
"Homoglenus bifossatus n. sp." = Gloxinius bifossatus3 Brues 1939 flat wasp
MCZ 7679
"Misepyris minor n. sp." = Rysepyris minor3 Brues 1939 flat wasp
MCZ 6634
 Hymenoptera - Megaspilidae
Conostigmus succinalis7 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 9796
Lagynodes electriphilus n. sp.7 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 9795
Lagynodes primordialis n. sp.7 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 9793, 9794
 Hymenoptera - Braconidae
"Blacus gracilicornis n. sp." = Eubazus (Calyptus) gracilicornis3 Brues 1939 wasp
MCZ 9400
Triaspis anomala n. sp.3 Brues 1939 wasp
MCZ 9292
Blacus (Ganychorus) sp.27 Nees 1818 wasp
"containing some males"
Elasmosomites sp.2 Brues 1933 wasp
MCZ:ENT:PALE-43618 (parasitoid larva)
Meteorites inopinata n. gen. n. sp.3 Brues 1939 wasp
MCZ 9395
Anacanthobracon femorator n. gen. n. sp.3 Brues 1939 wasp
MCZ 6710
Microtypus grandis n. sp.3 Brues 1939 wasp
MCZ 7842
 Hymenoptera -
"Ceratoteleia proleptica n. sp." = Calliscelio prolepticus5, Sembilanocera clavata5, "Ceratobaeoides acuminatus n. sp." = Ceratobaeus acuminatus5, Pseudobaeus fecundulus5, Aneurobaeus collaris n. sp.5, "Hoploteleia doddii n. sp." = Baryconus doddii5
"Ceratoteleia proleptica n. sp." = Calliscelio prolepticus5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8162, 8163, numerous others
Sembilanocera clavata5 Brues 1940 wasp
"Ceratobaeoides acuminatus n. sp." = Ceratobaeus acuminatus5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8144, 8145
Pseudobaeus fecundulus5 Brues 1940 wasp
Aneurobaeus collaris n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8095
"Hoploteleia doddii n. sp." = Baryconus doddii5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8160, 8161
 Hymenoptera - Geoscelionidae
Archaeoscelio rugosus5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8164
Archaeoscelio filicornis n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8165
 Hymenoptera - Sparasionidae
Sparasion amabilis n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8148
Electroteleia stigmatica n. gen. n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8149-8159; 5493, 5494 in Johnson et al. 2008
 Hymenoptera - Neuroscelionidae
Brachyscelio cephalotes n. gen. n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8146
Brachyscelio dubius n. sp.5 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8147
 Hymenoptera - Proctotrupidae
"Cryptoserphus succinalis n. sp." = Oxyserphus obsolescens6, "Cryptoserphus tertiarius n. sp." = Oxyserphus obsolescens6, "Cryptoserphus hamiferus n. sp." = Oxyserphus hamiferus6, "Cryptoserphus pinorum n. sp." = Fustiserphus pinorum6
"Cryptoserphus succinalis n. sp." = Oxyserphus obsolescens6 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8274, two "probably"
"Cryptoserphus tertiarius n. sp." = Oxyserphus obsolescens6 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8272
"Cryptoserphus hamiferus n. sp." = Oxyserphus hamiferus6 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8265
"Cryptoserphus pinorum n. sp." = Fustiserphus pinorum6 Brues 1940 wasp
MCZ 8257
 Mecoptera - Bittacidae
Bittacus succinus n. sp.8, Hylobittacus antiquus20, "Bittacus minimus n. sp." = Hylobittacus minimus8, "Bittacus fossilis n. sp." = Hylobittacus fossilis8
Bittacus succinus n. sp.8 Carpenter 1954 hangingfly
MCZ 5204 (old no. 5112)
Hylobittacus antiquus20 Pictet and Hagen 1856 hangingfly
MCZ 5210 (old 5118), formerly B. fossilis in Carpenter, 1954
"Bittacus minimus n. sp." = Hylobittacus minimus8 Carpenter 1954 hangingfly
MCZ 5113, 5114, 5115, 5116
"Bittacus fossilis n. sp." = Hylobittacus fossilis8 Carpenter 1954 hangingfly
MCZ 5209 (old 5117), 5111; MCZ 4898 in Krzeminski, 2007
 Mecoptera - Panorpodidae
Panorpodes brevicauda8 Hagen 1856 short-faced scorpionfly
MCZ 5103, 5104, 5105
Panorpodes hageni n. sp.8 Carpenter 1954 short-faced scorpionfly
MCZ 5106
 Mecoptera - Panorpidae
Panorpa mortua n. sp.8 Carpenter 1954 common scorpionfly
MCZ 5108, 5109, 5119
Panorpa obsoleta n. sp.8 Carpenter 1954 common scorpionfly
MCZ 5107
 Coleoptera - Cleridae
Strotocera marshalli n. sp.22 Mawdsley 1993 checkered beetle
 Coleoptera - Ripiphoridae
Pelecotominae indet.1 Seidlitz 1875 wedge shaped beetle
MCZ PALE-7007
 Coleoptera - Artematopodidae
Protartematopus electricus n. gen. n. sp.10, Electribius oligocenicus n. gen. n. sp.10
Protartematopus electricus n. gen. n. sp.10 Crowson 1973 soft bodied plant beetle
Electribius oligocenicus n. gen. n. sp.10 Crowson 1973 soft bodied plant beetle
 Coleoptera - Cantharidae
Malthodes (Malthodes) maximiliani n. sp.16 Fanti and Pankowski 2024 soldier beetle
MCZ:Ent:PALE-45868
Cantharis (Cantharis) raeorum n. sp.15 Fanti and Pankowski 2020 soldier beetle
MCZ:Ent:PALE-43615
Cantharis (Cantharis) crisantha n. sp.15 Fanti and Pankowski 2020 soldier beetle
MCZ:Ent:PALE-43614
Arturmiles pankowskiarum n. gen. n. sp.14 Fanti 2021 soldier beetle
MCZ:Ent:PALE-43635
 Coleoptera - Ptiliidae
Ptinella oligocoenica n. sp. Parsons 1939 feather-winged beetle
MCZ 6839, 6629
 Raphidioptera - Raphidiidae
"Raphidia baltica n. sp." = Succinoraphidia baltica9
"Raphidia baltica n. sp." = Succinoraphidia baltica9 Carpenter 1956 snakefly
MCZ 5122
 Raphidioptera - Inocelliidae
Fibla erigena9, Fibla (Fibla) carpenteri n. sp.13, "Inocellia peculiaris n. sp." = Electrinocellia peculiaris9
Fibla erigena9 Menge 1856 snakefly
MCZ 5120, 5121
Fibla (Fibla) carpenteri n. sp.13 Engel 1995 snakefly
MCZ 9999
"Inocellia peculiaris n. sp." = Electrinocellia peculiaris9 Carpenter 1956 snakefly
MCZ 5123
 Neuroptera - Psychopsidae
? Propsychopsis sp.21 Krüger 1923 silky lacewing
larva
Propsychopsis lapicidae21 MacLeod 1970 silky lacewing
MCZ collection
 Neuroptera - Myrmeleontidae
Neadelphus protae n. gen. n. sp.21
Neadelphus protae n. gen. n. sp.21 MacLeod 1970 owlfly
MCZ 5848 (from Klebs collection N27)