Hakel (BMNH collection) (Cretaceous of Lebanon)

Also known as Haqel, Haqil

Where: Lebanon (34.2° N, 35.8° E: paleocoordinates 13.0° N, 30.4° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Metoicoceras geslinianum ammonoid zone, Late/Upper Cenomanian (99.6 - 93.5 Ma)

• The precise age of Hâqel and Hjoûla varies according to different authors. ln his comprehensive sedimentological study Hückel (1970) divided the Cenomanian Limestones into seven units and concluded that Hâqel (unite V) and Hjoûla (unite IV) were deposited during the later Lower Cenomanian. Owing to the occurrence of the ammonite Allocrioceras annulatum as a member of the Metoicoceras geslinianum Zone, Wippich & Lehmann (2004) confirmed the conclusions of Hemleben (1977) and dated Hâqel and Hjoûla as Upper Cenomanian (Fig. 2). Dalla Vecchia et al. (2002) considered Hâqel and Hjoûla as lower Upper Cenomanian, because Nammoûra (another fossil-rich locality a few kilometres in the South of Hjoûla and slightly younger than Hâqel and Hjoûla) is dated as Middle Cenomanian.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lagoonal or restricted shallow subtidal; lithified carbonate

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: soft parts

Reposited in the BMNH

Collection methods: quarrying

• Includes material purchased at various times

Primary reference: J. D. Davis. 1887. The fossil fishes of the chalk of Mount Lebanon, in Syria. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II 3:457-634 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 221158: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 13.07.2021, edited by Anya Dalal

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Actinopteri
 Aulopiformes -
"Prionolepis cataphractus" = Aspidopleurus cataphractus3
"Prionolepis cataphractus" = Aspidopleurus cataphractus3 Pictet and Humbert 1866
 Aulopiformes - Enchodontidae
Enchodus marchesettii3 Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
 Aulopiformes - Eurypholidae
Eurypholis boissieri3 Pictet 1850
 Aulopiformes - Ichthyotringidae
 Aulopiformes - Dercetidae
"Leptotrachelus hakelensis" = Rhynchodercetis hakelensis
"Leptotrachelus hakelensis" = Rhynchodercetis hakelensis Pictet and Humbert 1866
 Aulopiformes - Halecidae
 Polymixiiformes - Polymixiidae
Pycnosterinx dubius n. sp. Davis 1887 beardfish
 Myctophiformes - Sardinioididae
Sardinioides minimus3 Agassiz 1839
 Anguilliformes -
"Anguilla hakelensis n. sp." = Abisaadia hakelensis
"Anguilla hakelensis n. sp." = Abisaadia hakelensis Davis 1887 eel
 Elopiformes -
Davichthys gardneri n. sp.1 Forey 1973
 Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae
Palaeobalistum ventralis n. sp. Davis 1887
Malacostraca
 Decapoda - Penaeidae
Penaeus sp.2 Fabricius 1798 decapod
 Decapoda - Carpopenaeidae
Carpopenaeus callirostris n. gen. n. sp.2
Carpopenaeus callirostris n. gen. n. sp.2 Glaessner 1945 decapod
 Decapoda - Aegeridae
"Acanthochirus cenomanicus n. sp." = Acanthochirana cenomanica2
"Acanthochirus cenomanicus n. sp." = Acanthochirana cenomanica2 Glaessner 1945 decapod
 Decapoda - Nephropidae
Homarus hakelensis2 Fraas 1878 clawed lobster
 Decapoda - Raninidae
Lophoraninella cretacea2 Dames 1886 crab
 Decapoda - Palaeocorystidae
"Notopocorystes syriacus n. sp." = Cretacoranina syriacus4
"Notopocorystes syriacus n. sp." = Cretacoranina syriacus4 Withers 1928 crab