Kromdraai B (Pliocene to of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1157, Kromdraai B,

Where: South Africa (26.0° S, 27.8° E: paleocoordinates 26.1° S, 27.6° E)

When: Kromdraai Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene to Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 0.0 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: Fauna and paleomag data suggest age within Matuyama reverse epoch (0.73-2.48 Ma)

Environment/lithology: cave; siltstone

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: 0
• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: silt and calcite

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: ETE Size: micro; ETE reference list: 964, ; ETE museum list: TM

Primary reference: C. K. Brain. 1981. The Hunters of the Hunted? An Introduction to African Cave Taphonomy. University of Chicago Press, Chicago [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22333: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 13.08.1999

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Hirudinidae indet.
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Hirudinidae
Aves
  -
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Passeriformes
 Strigiformes - Tytonidae
Tyto sp. Billberg 1828 barn owl
 Psittaciformes - Psittaculidae
Agapornis sp. Selby 1836 lovebird
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Crex sp. Bechstein 1803 rail
 Passeriformes - Passeridae
cf. Passer sp. Brisson 1760 sparrow
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: or Euplectes
 Passeriformes - Ploceidae
cf. Ploceus sp. Cuvier 1816 weaver
 Passeriformes - Motacillidae
cf. Anthus sp. Bechstein 1805 perching bird
 Charadriiformes - Turnicidae
Turnix sp. Bonnaterre 1791 buttonquail
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Coturnix sp. Bonnaterre 1791 quail
Francolinus sp. Stephens 1819 francolin
Mammalia
  -
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora
 Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae
Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew
Elephantulus cf. brachyrhynchus Smith 1834 Short-snouted elephant shrew
Macroscelides proboscideus Shaw 1800 Short-eared elephant shrew
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: vagans
 Theriamorpha - Chrysochloridae
Chlorotalpa sp. Roberts 1924 golden mole
Chrysospalax sp. Gill 1883 giant golden mole
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Scolopacidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Sturnidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size I
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size II
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size III
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size IV
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Suncus cf. varilla Thomas 1895 Lesser dwarf shrew
Myosorex sp. Gray 1838 white-toothed shrew
 Rodentia - Nesomyidae
Malacothrix sp. Wagner 1843 mouse
Dendromus sp. Smith 1829 African climbing mice
 Rodentia - Muridae
Dasymys sp. Peters 1875 mouse
Zelotomys sp. Osgood 1910 mouse
Acomys sp. Geoffroy 1838 (African) spiny mice
Tatera cf. leucogaster large naked-soled gerbil
Lemniscomys sp. Trouessart 1881 striped grass mouse
Mus sp. Linnaeus 1758 house mouse
Rhabdomys sp. Thomas 1916 striped mouse
Steatomys sp. Peters 1846 fat mouse
cf. Praomys sp. Thomas 1915 African soft-furred rat
 Rodentia - Bathyergidae
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Graphiurus sp. Smuts 1832 dormouse
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Papio cf. hamadryas Linnaeus 1758 Hamadryas baboon
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: robinsoni
"Papio cf. angusticeps" = Parapapio angusticeps Broom 1940 monkey
cf. Gorgopithecus major Broom 1940 monkey
Cercopithecoides williamsi Mollet 1947 monkey
 Primates - Hominidae
Paranthropus robustus Broom 1938 australopithecine