Kromdraai B (Pliocene to of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1157, Kromdraai B,

Where: South Africa (26.0° S, 27.8° E: paleocoordinates 26.1° S, 27.6° E)

When: Kromdraai Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene to Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 0.0 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: Fauna and paleomag data suggest age within Matuyama reverse epoch (0.73-2.48 Ma)

Environment/lithology: cave; siltstone

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: 0
• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: silt and calcite

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: ETE Size: micro; ETE reference list: 964, ; ETE museum list: TM

Primary reference: C. K. Brain. 1981. The Hunters of the Hunted? An Introduction to African Cave Taphonomy. University of Chicago Press, Chicago [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22333: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 13.08.1999

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
cf. Estrilda sp., Demodillus sp., Hirudinidae indet., cf. Cisticola sp.
Hirudinidae indet.
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Hirudinidae
Mammalia
  -
Mammalia indet.
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet.
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Scolopacidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Sturnidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size I
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size II
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size III
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antelopini size IV
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Myosorex sp., Suncus cf. varilla
Myosorex sp. Gray 1838 white-toothed shrew
Suncus cf. varilla Thomas 1895 Lesser dwarf shrew
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Graphiurus sp.
Graphiurus sp. Smuts 1832 dormouse
 Rodentia - Muridae
Tatera cf. leucogaster, Steatomys sp., Lemniscomys sp., "Aethomys cf. namaquensis" = Epimys (Aethomys), "Aethomys cf. chrysophilus" = Epimys (Aethomys), Mus sp., Acomys sp., Otomys gracilis, Zelotomys sp., cf. Praomys sp., Rhabdomys sp., Dasymys sp.
Tatera cf. leucogaster large naked-soled gerbil
Steatomys sp. Peters 1846 fat mouse
Lemniscomys sp. Trouessart 1881 striped grass mouse
"Aethomys cf. namaquensis" = Epimys (Aethomys) rock rat
"Aethomys cf. chrysophilus" = Epimys (Aethomys) rock rat
Mus sp. Linnaeus 1758 house mouse
Acomys sp. Geoffroy 1838 (African) spiny mice
Zelotomys sp. Osgood 1910 mouse
cf. Praomys sp. Thomas 1915 African soft-furred rat
Rhabdomys sp. Thomas 1916 striped mouse
Dasymys sp. Peters 1875 mouse
 Rodentia - Nesomyidae
Dendromus sp., Malacothrix sp., Mystromys hausleitneri, Mystromys cookei
Dendromus sp. Smith 1829 African climbing mice
Malacothrix sp. Wagner 1843 mouse
 Rodentia - Bathyergidae
Cryptomys robertsi, Cryptomys cf. natalensis
 Primates - Hominidae
Paranthropus robustus
Paranthropus robustus Broom 1938 australopithecine
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecoides williamsi, Papio cf. hamadryas, cf. Gorgopithecus major, "Papio cf. angusticeps" = Parapapio angusticeps
Cercopithecoides williamsi Mollet 1947 monkey
Papio cf. hamadryas Linnaeus 1758 Hamadryas baboon
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: robinsoni
cf. Gorgopithecus major Broom 1940 monkey
"Papio cf. angusticeps" = Parapapio angusticeps Broom 1940 monkey
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Myotis cf. tricolor, Myotis cf. welwitschii, Eptesicus cf. hottentotus
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus cf. capensis
 Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae
Elephantulus antiquus, Elephantulus cf. brachyrhynchus, Macroscelides proboscideus
Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew
Elephantulus cf. brachyrhynchus Smith 1834 Short-snouted elephant shrew
Macroscelides proboscideus Shaw 1800 Short-eared elephant shrew
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: vagans
 Tribosphenida - Chrysochloridae
Chlorotalpa sp., Chrysospalax sp.
Chlorotalpa sp. Roberts 1924 golden mole
Chrysospalax sp. Gill 1883 giant golden mole
Reptilia
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Francolinus sp., Coturnix sp.
Francolinus sp. Stephens 1819 francolin
Coturnix sp. Bonnaterre 1791 quail
Aves
  -
Aves indet.
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Passeriformes
 Charadriiformes - Turnicidae
Turnix sp.
Turnix sp. Bonnaterre 1791 buttonquail
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Crex sp.
Crex sp. Bechstein 1803 rail
 Psittaciformes - Psittaculidae
Agapornis sp.
Agapornis sp. Selby 1836 lovebird
 Strigiformes - Tytonidae
Tyto sp.
Tyto sp. Billberg 1828 barn owl
 Passeriformes - Motacillidae
cf. Anthus sp.
cf. Anthus sp. Bechstein 1805 perching bird
 Passeriformes - Passeridae
cf. Passer sp.
cf. Passer sp. Brisson 1760 sparrow
ETE minimum number of individuals; species: or Euplectes
 Passeriformes - Ploceidae
cf. Ploceus sp.
cf. Ploceus sp. Cuvier 1816 weaver