Umkomaas Valley (Umk 111) (Triassic of South Africa)

Where: Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa (29.5° S, 29.5° E)

• Paleocoordinates: 52.8° S, 2.0° E (Wright 2013)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Molteno Formation, Carnian (237.0 - 227.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: "channel"; gray shale

• "abandoned channel" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))
• "medium dark grey, irregularly laminated shale" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: J. M. Anderson and H. M. Anderson. 1983. Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic). Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic) 1:1-227 [H. Sims/H. Lindon/H. Lindon]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 23002: authorized by Hallie Sims, entered by Heather Lindon on 08.07.2002, edited by April Kinchloe and Jered Karr

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• habitat described as "Dicroidium riparian forest (mature)" (Anderson and Anderson 2000 (ref. 6625))
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Clariphyllum sp.1, Moltenia sp.1, Kannaskopifolia sp.1, Graciliglossa sp.1, Rissikianthus sp.1, Switzianthus sp.1, Helvetianthus sp.1, Rissikistrobus sp.1, Hamshawvia sp.1, Nataligma sp.1, Cetanthus sp.1, Alexia sp.1, Dordrechtites sp.1, Pteridophyta indet.1
Pteridophyta indet.1 Haeckel 1875
Polypodiopsida
 Equisetales - Equisetidae
Equisetum sp.1
Equisetum sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 horsetail
 Polypodiales - Polypodiidae
Ctenis sp.1
Ctenis sp.1 Lindley and Hutton 1834
Pteridopsida
  -
"Filicopsida indet." = Pteridopsida1
"Filicopsida indet." = Pteridopsida1 Ritgen 1828
Cycadopsida
 Cycadales -
Taeniopteris sp.1, Anthrophyopsis sp.1
Taeniopteris sp.1 Brongniart 1828 cycads
Anthrophyopsis sp.1 Nathorst 1878 cycads
 Cycadales - Nilssoniaceae
Pseudoctenis sp.1
Pseudoctenis sp.1 Seward 1911 cycads
 Pteridospermales -
Chiropteris sp.1
Chiropteris sp.1 Kurr 1845 cycads
Kurtziana
  -
Kurtziana sp.1
Kurtziana sp.1 Frenguelli 1942
Ginkgoopsida
 Ginkgoales - Ginkgoaceae
Stachyopitys sp.1
Stachyopitys sp.1 Schenk 1867
 Ginkgoales -
Sphenobaiera sp.1
Sphenobaiera sp.1 Florin 1936
Bryopsida
  -
Muscites sp.1
Muscites sp.1 Brongniart 1828
Hepaticae
 Marchantiales - Marchantiaceae
Marchantites sp.1
Marchantites sp.1 Brongniart 1849 liverwort
Pinopsida
 Pinales -
Heidiphyllum sp.1
Heidiphyllum sp.1 Retallack 1981
 Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Rissikia sp.1
Rissikia sp.1 Townrow 1967 podocarp
 Coniferales -
Fraxinopsis sp.1
Fraxinopsis sp.1 Wieland 1929
 Bennettitales -
Weltrichia sp.1
Weltrichia sp.1 Braun 1843
Gnetopsida
  -
Gontriglossa sp.1
Gontriglossa sp.1 Anderson and Anderson 1989
Peltaspermopsida
 Peltaspermales - Peltaspermaceae
Peltaspermum sp.1, Antevsia sp.1, Lepidopteris sp.1, Scytophyllum sp.1
Peltaspermum sp.1 Harris 1937
Antevsia sp.1 Harris 1937
Lepidopteris sp.1 Schimper 1869
Scytophyllum sp.1 Bornemann 1856
Cycadeoideopsida
 Cycadeoideales -
Yabeiella sp.1
Yabeiella sp.1 Oishi 1931
Gymnospermopsida
  -
Gymnospermopsida indet.1
 Corystospermales - Corystospermaceae
Fanerotheca sp.1, Umkomasia sp.1, Pteruchus sp.1, Dicroidium sp.1
Fanerotheca sp.1 Frenguelli 1944
Umkomasia sp.1 Thomas 1933
Pteruchus sp.1 Thomas 1933
Dicroidium sp.1 Gothan 1912
Insecta
 Dicondylia - Triassoblattidae
Triassoblatta natalensis2
Triassoblatta natalensis2 Zeuner 1960 winged insect
N-UU 411, 671ab
 Coleoptera - Triadocupedidae
Moltenocupes townrowi2
Moltenocupes townrowi2 Zeuner 1960 beetle
N-UU 121ab, 402ab
 Coleoptera - Ademosynidae
Ademosyne prisca n. sp.2, Ademosyne speciosa n. sp.2
Ademosyne prisca n. sp.2 Riek 1974 beetle
N-UU 1209
Ademosyne speciosa n. sp.2 Riek 1974 beetle
N-UU 1206ab, 1208
 Reculida - Geinitziidae
Fletchitzia picturata4
Fletchitzia picturata4 Riek 1976 winged insect
PRE/F 971
Arachnida
 Araneae -
Triassaraneus andersonorum n. gen. n. sp.3
Triassaraneus andersonorum n. gen. n. sp.3 Selden 1999 spider
PRE/F 18560
1Anderson and Anderson 2000; 2Riek 1974; 3Selden et al. 1999; 4Wappler 2000