Chawad River (Cretaceous of India)

Also known as Chawad River Section near Dhamae-Charkhada Road crossing (Dhamae-Chawad)

Where: Gujarat, India (23.5° N, 69.3° E: paleocoordinates 36.0° S, 34.7° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Bhuj Formation, Early/Lower Cretaceous (145.0 - 100.5 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithology not reported

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Preservation: original sporopollenin

Collection methods: surface (in situ), chemical,

• Each megaspore was first photographed in dry state under reflected light and its characters were noted. After photographing in dry state, the megaspore was transferred to a covered petridish and was oxidised with nitric acid, sometimes using potassium chlorate. The oxidised material was digested with potassium hydroxide and cleaned with water. Observations were made at frequent intervals during this progressive maceration and photographs were taken, as and when felt necessary, by transmitted light.

Primary reference: J. Banerji, B. N. Jana, and H. K. Maheshwari. 1984. The Fossil Floras of Kachchh. II - Mesozoic Megaspores. The Palaeobotanist 33:190-227 [R. Lupia/T. Naeher/T. Naeher]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 32386: authorized by Rick Lupia, entered by Tiffany Naeher on 27.06.2003, edited by Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Peltaspermopsida
 Peltaspermales - Umkomasiaceae
Pachypteris indica Oldham and Morris 1863
Equisetopsida
 Pinidae - Pinidae
Pagiophyllum chawadensis n. sp. Bose and Banerji 1984
Pagiophyllum morrisii n. sp. Bose and Banerji 1984
Brachyphyllum royii Bose and Banerji 1984
Araucarites cutchensis Feistmantel 1876
Araucarites janaianus Bose and Banerji 1984
Kachchhia navicula
  -
Kachchhia navicula Bose and Banerji 1984
 Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Elatocladus chawadensis n. sp. Bose and Banerji 1984 podocarp
Elatocladus jabalpurensis Feistmantel 1882 podocarp
 Bennettitales -
Ginkgoopsida
 Caytoniales - Caytoniaceae
Caytonia indica n. sp. Bose and Banerji 1984
Horstisporites
  -
Cycadopsida
 Cycadales - Nilssoniaceae
Pseudoctenis fragilis Bose and Banerji 1984 cycads
 Cycadales -
Taeniopteris cf. spatulata McClelland 1850 cycads
? Bucklandia sp. Sternberg 1825 cycads
Polypodiopsida
 Gleicheniales - Polypodiidae
Dictyophyllum sp. Lindley and Hutton 1834
 Cyatheales - Polypodiidae
Coniopteris cf. hymenophylloides Brongniart 1828 scaly tree fern
  -
Cladophlebis sp. Brongniart 1849
Cladophlebis daradensis Bose and Banerji 1984
 Equisetales - Equisetidae
"Equisetites rajmahalensis" = Equisetum rajmahalense
"Equisetites rajmahalensis" = Equisetum rajmahalense Oldham and Morris 1863 horsetail
Lycopodiopsida
 Isoetales - Isoetaceae
Isoetites serratifolius Bose and Roy 1964 clubmoss
 Isoetales -
Minerisporites auriculatus Singh et al. 1964 clubmoss
Sphenopteridae
  - Sphenopteridae
"Pachypteris specifica" = Sphenopteris specifica Feistmantel 1876
Paxillitriletes
  -