Also known as Site 15, Umfuleni

Where: Eastern Cape, South Africa (33.5° S, 25.5° E: paleocoordinates 44.2° S, 12.0° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Kirkwood Formation (Uitenhage Group), Tithonian to Tithonian (152.1 - 132.9 Ma)

• Kirkwood Fm. underlies the Sundays River Fm. which has been dated to Valanginian–Hauterivian based on biostratigraphic data (∼139–131 Ma; McLachlan and McMillan, 1976, Ross et al., 1999, Gomez et al., 2002, McMillan, 2003, Shone, 2006, Walker et al., 2012). Muir et al. 2017 state "Microfossil assemblages from the Bethelsdorp and Colchester Members in the lower part of the Kirkwood Formation of the Algoa Basin are dated as Tithonian (McMillan et al., 1997; McMillan, 2010), whereas the uppermost parts are inferred to be Lower Cretaceous in age based on a probable temporal equivalence with the lower part of the Valanginian – Hauterivian Sundays River Formation (McLachlan and McMillan, 1976; Shone, 1978; McMillan, 2003)."

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; fine-grained mudstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by T. Rich & P. Rich in 1978

Collection methods: surface (float),

Primary reference: I. R. McLachlan and I. K. McMillan. 1976. Review and stratigraphic significance of southern Cape Mesozoic palaeontology. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 79(2):197-212 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 62550: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Matthew Carrano on 21.07.2006

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)