Toca da Cima dos Pilao (Pleistocene of Brazil)

Also known as Sumidouro do Sansão

Where: Piaui, Brazil (9.0° S, 42.7° W: paleocoordinates 9.0° S, 42.7° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• C14

•Geurin et al. 1993: Dans la moins profonde, des restes de foyers et de l'industrie lithique ont été datés de 10.390 +/- 80 ans BP (BETA 27345).

Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported

• "rock shelter" and "holes"; nature of dated material not clear

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: bone collector

Collection methods: quarrying

Primary reference: C. Guerin. 1991. La faune de vertébrés du Pléistocéne supérieur de l’aire archéologique de São Raimundo Nonato (Piauí, Brésil). Comptes Rendus de l‘Académie des Sciences 312:567-572 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/E. Vlachos]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 71334: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 09.03.1999, edited by Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• lithic industry and Dracaena sp. (Teiidae) also present
Reptilia
 Squamata - Teiidae
Dracaena sp. Daudin 1802 caiman lizard
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Cuniculidae
"Agouti paca" = Cuniculus paca1 Linnaeus 1766 lowland paca
Cuniculus rugiceps2 Lund 1837 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Caviidae
Kerodon rupestris Wied 1820 caviomorph
Galea spixii1 Wagler 1851 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Echimyidae
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Calomys callosus1 Rengger 1830 big laucha
Pseudoryzomys simplex1 Winge 1887 rodent
Oryzomys sp.1 Baird 1857 rice rat
Oryzomys cf. subflavus1 Wagner 1842 rice rat
Akodon cf. cursor1 Winge 1887 akodont
 Carnivora - Felidae
Smilodon populator, "Felis yagouaroundi" = Puma yagouaroundi1
Smilodon populator Lund 1842 saber-toothed cat
"Felis yagouaroundi" = Puma yagouaroundi1 Geoffroy 1803 jaguarundi
 Carnivora - Ursidae
"Arctotherium brasiliense" = Arctotherium (Pararctotherium) brasiliense, "Arctodus brasiliensis" = Arctotherium (Pararctotherium) brasiliense1
"Arctotherium brasiliense" = Arctotherium (Pararctotherium) brasiliense Lund 1838 bear
"Arctodus brasiliensis"
"Arctodus brasiliensis" = Arctotherium (Pararctotherium) brasiliense1 Lund 1838 bear
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid
Speothos or Cerdocyon
 Panameriungulata - Macraucheniidae
"Macrauchenia cf. patachonica" = Macrauchenia patagonica
"Macrauchenia cf. patachonica" = Macrauchenia patagonica Owen 1838 placental
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"Equus neogeus" = Equus caballus Linnaeus 1758 horse
"E. neogaeus"
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Palaeolama major1 Liais 1872 camel
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Mazama sp. Rafinesque 1817 brocket deer
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Tayassu pecari Link 1795 white-lipped peccary
Pecari tajacu Linnaeus 1758 collared peccary
"Dicotyles tajacu"
 Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypodinae indet.1 Gray 1821 armadillo
Dasypus sp. Linnaeus 1758 armadillo
 Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Pampatherium humboldtii Lund 1839 edentate
"Pampatherium humboldti"
  - Mylodontidae
Catonyx cuvieri Lund 1839 edentate
 Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae
Monodelphis domestica1 Wagner 1842 gray short-tailed opposum
Marmosa sp.1 Gray 1821 mouse opossum