Mekran beds (Gwadar Stage) - Gwadur (Pliocene of Pakistan)

Where: Pakistan (25.1° N, 62.3° E: paleocoordinates 24.1° N, 61.6° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Mekran Formation, Early/Lower Pliocene (5.3 - 3.6 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: Overlies the lower Mekran Series, and in turn the Gaj beds. AGE: Pliocene, here assigned to the Early Pliocene based on its proximity to Miocene Mekran Series strata. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: Unknown position within unit.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; poorly lithified siliciclastic sediments

• ENVIRONMENT: Not stated in text, but presumably shallow shelf siliciclastic.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Unknown, but presumably siliciclastic. LITHIFICATION: Poorly-lithified, based on figured specimens.

Size class: macrofossils

Collected by Vredenburg

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• COLLECTORS: Multiple collectors including W. Blanford, Wynne, Hira Lal, Ram Singh, and Noetling (staff of Geological Survey of India) during the early 1900's. REPOSITORY: Geological Survey of India, with voucher specimens possibly at the BMNH.

Primary reference: E. Vredenburg. 1925. Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Cephalopoda, Opisthobranchiata, Siphonostomata. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50(1):1-350 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 77398: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 10.01.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda, bivalvia, and scaphopoda. NOMENCLATURE: Antiquated, but from an authoritative publication, with use of species and subgenus resolution assignments. Nomenclature can be updated through reference to Harzhauser and Swarko publications.
Bivalvia
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Pecten vasseli Fuchs 1878 scallop
Pecten (Chlamys) alexandri Vredenburg 1928 scallop
Pecten (Chlamys) prototranquebaricus Vredenburg 1928 scallop
SUBSPECIES: Pecten (Chlamys) prototranquebaricus paucicostatus
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea bicolor Hanley 1854 oyster
Ostrea pseudocrassissima Fuchs 1878 oyster
"Ostrea crenulifera" = Dendostrea crenulifera Sowerby 1873 oyster
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
"Pectunculus gwadarensis" = Glycymeris gwadarensis
"Pectunculus gwadarensis" = Glycymeris gwadarensis Vredenburg 1928 clam
 Arcida - Arcidae
"Arca inflata" = Scapharca broughtoni
"Arca inflata" = Scapharca broughtoni Schrenck 1867 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Venus (Clementia) papyracea" = Clementia (Clementia) papyracea, "Dosinia pseudoargus" = Dosinia (Asa) pseudoargus, Circe corrugata
"Venus (Clementia) papyracea" = Clementia (Clementia) papyracea Gray 1825 venus clam
INCLUDES: Venus (Clementia) papyracea grandis
"Dosinia pseudoargus" = Dosinia (Asa) pseudoargus d'Archiac and Haime 1853 venus clam
SUBSPECIES: Dosinia pseudoargus gedrosiana
Circe corrugata Dilwyn 1817 venus clam
Gastropoda
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
"Cerithium (Vertagus) bonneti" = Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) bonneti
"Cerithium (Vertagus) bonneti" = Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) bonneti Cossmann 1910 cerith snail