Steengroeve Winterswijk (Triassic of Netherlands)

Also known as Winterswijkse Steen- en Kalkgroeve

Where: Gelderland, Netherlands (52.0° N, 6.7° E: paleocoordinates 16.6° N, 16.4° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Lower Wellenkalk layer 9 Member (Vossenveld Formation), Anisian (247.2 - 242.0 Ma)

• "middle Lower Muschelkalk"

•Original entry for Chronostratigraphy was >>Ladinian<<. Originally entered formation name was >>Muschelkalk<<. Corrections made are according to Klein & Albers (2009). (TL)

•"Lower Anisian, lowermost Middle Triassic" according to Albers & Rieppel (2003)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: peritidal; lithified, gray, blue limestone

• "The presence of bluish-gray limestones and marls, yellowish dolomites and black-grayish mudstones indicate a shallow marine and near shore environment. Sediments with ripple marks and polygonal mud cracks even indicate a tidal flat facies, with the mud crack beds representing algeal laminates produced by cyanobacteria stabilizing the sediment surface. Bones of Muschelkalk reptiles occur accumulated in specific layers, for example in bed IX"

•"The present skull was found in what is described as layer 9 by Oosterink (1986), which relates to what Harsveldt (1973) described as lower Wellenkalk, located 0.70–0.95 m below a distinct chocolate brown calcareous marl layer and 0.74–0.99 m above Dolomitic Limestone VI (Harsveldt, 1973)." (Albers & Rieppel 2003)

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: cast, mold/impression, trace

Collected in >1935

Collection methods: salvage, quarrying, surface (in situ), mechanical,

• Near the town of Winterswijk, in the mid-eastern part of The Netherlands, the Muschelkalk is exposed in a relatively small area where Triassic limestone has been commercially exploited since 1935.

•TW, Twentse Welle Museum, Enschede, the Netherlands, collection

Primary reference: G. R. Demathieu and H. W. Oosterink. 1983. Die wirbeltier-ichnofauna aus dem unteren Muschelkalk von Winterswijk. Staringia 7(1):1-51 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 96875: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Hallie Street on 07.07.2010, edited by Roger Benson, Matthew Carrano, Torsten Liebrecht and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Amphibia
 Temnospondyli -
Capitosauroides sp.3 Haubold 1971 tetrapod
slab D.367
Reptilia
 Squamata -
Rhynchosauroides sp. Maidwell 1911 squamates
 Parareptilia -
Procolophonichnium haarmuehlensis2 Holst et al. 1970 parareptile
tracks
Procolophonichnium winterswijkense n. sp. Demathieu and Oosterink 1983 parareptile
 Sauropterygia -
Palatodonta bleekeri n. gen. n. sp.7
Palatodonta bleekeri n. gen. n. sp.7 Neenan et al. 2013 diapsid
holotype juvenile skull TW480000470
 Eosauropterygia - Pachypleurosauridae
Dactylosaurus cf. gracilis2 Gürich 1884 diapsid
Oosterink et al., 2003
Anarosaurus heterodontus2 Rieppel and Lin 1995 diapsid
Hooijer, 1959;Oosterink, 1986; Oosterink et al., 2003
 Eosauropterygia - Nothosauridae
"Nothosaurus winkelhorsti n. sp." = Lariosaurus winkelhorsti4, Lariosaurus vosseveldensis n. sp.5, Nothosaurus sp.2, "Nothosaurus marchicus" = Nothosaurus marchicus6, "Nothosaurus winterswijkensis n. sp." = Nothosaurus marchicus1
"Nothosaurus winkelhorsti n. sp." = Lariosaurus winkelhorsti4 Klein and Albers 2009 diapsid
NMNHL RGM 443825 (holotype)
Lariosaurus vosseveldensis n. sp.5 Klein et al. 2016 diapsid
TWE 480000504, skull with assorted postcrania
Nothosaurus sp.2 Münster 1834 diapsid
"The only other Nothosaurus from Winterswijk deposited in a public repository is a very incompletely preserved skull (NME 480000126) of unknown stratigraphic provenance"
"Nothosaurus marchicus" = Nothosaurus marchicus6 Koken 1893 diapsid
TWE 480000473, cranium and partial skeleton; JLW 300, cranium and disarticulated skeleton
"Nothosaurus winterswijkensis n. sp." = Nothosaurus marchicus1 Koken 1893 diapsid
holotype skull: NMNHL St 445530; An additional incomplete lower jaw (NMNHL St 445913) described by Hooijer (1959), an almost complete lower jaw (NMNHL St 447170) and an incomplete skull with partial lower jaw (NME 480000126) collected by Henk Kolstee. Additional Nothosaurus skulls are known from private collections (Oosterink and Diepenbroek 1990)
 Placodontia - Placodontidae
Placodus sp.2 Agassiz 1833 placodont
Oosterink,1986; Oosterink and Diepenbroek, 1990; Oosterink et al., 2003
 Pseudosuchia - Batrachopodidae
Sustenodactylus hollandicus n. sp.3 Demathieu and Oosterink 1988 aetosaur
slab D.340
 Pseudosuchia - Chirotheriidae
Brachychirotherium paraparvum n. sp.3, "Rhynchosauroides peabodyi" = Chirotherium peabodyi
Brachychirotherium paraparvum n. sp.3 Demathieu and Oosterink 1988 archosaur
slab D.277
"Rhynchosauroides peabodyi" = Chirotherium peabodyi Faber 1958 archosaur
 Saurischia -
Coelurosaurichnus ratumensis n. sp.3 Demathieu and Oosterink 1988 saurischian
slab D.416
 Diapsida - Tanystropheidae
Amotosaurus rotfeldensis6 Fraser and Rieppel 2006 archosauromorph
Specimen A 638, H. Oosterink collection, middle neck vertebra
 Diapsida - Helveticosauridae
Eusaurosphargis sp.8 Nosotti and Rieppel 2003 archosauromorph
Phenacopus agilis
  -
Phenacopus agilis n. sp. Demathieu and Oosterink 1983
Phenacopus faberi
  -
Phenacopus faberi n. sp. Demathieu and Oosterink 1983
 Ichnofossils -
? Kouphichnium sp.3 Nopcsa 1923
slab D.277
Bifungites sp.3 Desio 1940