Artiopoda - Proetida - Phillipsiidae
Alternative spelling: Cyrtosymbolidae
Parent taxon: Phillipsiidae according to M. Basse and U. Lemke 2020
See also Campbell and Engel 1963, Chernyheva 1960, Gandl et al. 2015 and Lerosey-Aubril and Feist 2005
Sister taxa: Archegoninae, Bollandiinae, Cummingellinae, Ditomopyginae, Griffithidinae, Linguaphillipsiinae, Lugalella, Malchi, Osmolskia, Phillipsiinae, Rhenogriffides, Thaiaspidinae, Weaniinae
Subtaxa: Balvibole Calybole Chaunoproetus Chlupacula Cyrtosymbole Cyrtosymbolina Dushania Franconicabole Haasproetus Helioproetus Langgonbole Osmolskabole Parachaunoproetus Parangustibole Platybole Sinosymbole Skemmatocare Skemmatopyge Typhloproetus Vittaella Weyeraspis Yishanaspis
Ecology: fast-moving low-level epifaunal deposit feeder
Distribution:
• Carboniferous of Austria (1 collection), China (2), Germany (5), Ireland (1), Poland (1), Spain (3)
• Devonian of Australia (1), Austria (13), China (16), Czechia (4), France (1), Germany (29), Iran (2), Malaysia (1), Morocco (4), Poland (5), the United Kingdom (2)
Total: 91 collections including 185 occurrences