Trilobita - Trinucleida - Raphiophoridae
Parent taxon: Raphiophoridae according to Z. Q. Zhou and Z. Y. Zhou 2019
See also Fortey 1975
Sister taxa: Ampyxina, Ellsaspis, Endymioniinae, Kanlingia, Lonchodomas, Malinaspis, Malongullia, Nambeetella, Nanshanaspis, Pseudampyxina, Raphioampyx, Raymondella, Sinampyxina
Subtaxa: Ampyx Ampyxella Ampyxinella Ampyxoides Bulbaspis Cnemidopyge Damghanampyx Edmundsonia Globampyx Mendolaspis Miaopopsis Raphiophorus Rhombampyx
Ecology: fast-moving low-level epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Silurian of Algeria (1 collection), Austria (1), the Czech Republic (5), Italy (2), Morocco (2), the United Kingdom (4), United States (1: Arkansas)
• Dobrotivian of the Czech Republic (1)
• Uhaku of Sweden (1)
• Whiterockian of Canada (10: Newfoundland and Labrador), Norway (3), United States (1: Nevada)
• Chazyan of Canada (3: Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories)
• Fennian of France (1)
• Volkhov of Latvia (1), Sweden (4)
• Langevoja of Sweden (7)
• Hunderum of Sweden (2)
• Valaste of Sweden (3)
• Arenig of Argentina (8), Bolivia (1), Canada (3: Newfoundland and Labrador), China (6), France (2), Morocco (1), Norway (3), Sweden (5), the United Kingdom (5), United States (3: Nevada)
• Arenigian of Argentina (1), China (9)
• Klabava of France (1)
• Ordovician of Argentina (12), Australia (7), Canada (10: British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Northwest Terrorities, Quebec, Yukon), China (69), the Czech Republic (2), Estonia (1), France (2), Iran (1), Ireland (18), Morocco (8), Norway (15), Poland (1), the Russian Federation (9), Sweden (38), Turkey (1), the United Kingdom (40), United States (34: British Columbia, California, Maine, Nevada, Tennessee, Virginia)
• Tremadoc of Colombia (1), Iran (3)
• Ibexian of Norway (1), United States (2: California)
Total: 376 collections including 404 occurrences