Clade Carangimorphariae (ray-finned fish)
Parent taxon: Carangimorpharia according to R. Betancur et al. 2013
Sister taxa: Anabantomorphariae, Ovalentariae
Subtaxa: Carangiformes Centropomidae Istiophoriformes Menidae Pleuronectiformes Polynemidae Toxotidae
Ecology: nektonic omnivore