Synonym: Monera Haeckel 1866
Parent taxon: Life according to M. A. Ruggiero et al. 2015
See also Hofmann 1976 and Margulis 1996
Sister taxa: Amphibrachium, Ampulla, Arbustrum, Archidiscus, Arrhiniella, Attacus fossilis, Axellipsis, Azyrtalia, Balbiriniella, Batoballa, Campylacantha, Concentricisporites, Cyathinema, Dibolisporites, Dictyosoma, Difflugia, Discospira, Distospicula, Eoconcharium, Eoscenidium, Eucarya, Eukarya, Eukaryota, Fusilabellum, Geminospora, Heteracantha, Hyalocyrillium, Indophyton, Jiangispirellus, Matthewcyathus, Multiconotubus, Nodocapsa, Palaeodiscaleksus, Palaeorubus, Penardiella, Petalopus, Petalopus, Pilavia, Portfjeldia, Procaryotae, Protohepialus, Protohepialus comstocki, Pygacapsa, Rustia, Salpicola, Siderina, Sinocyrtis, Sphaeranasillos, Stegaspis, Tenuocharta, Tetracanthus, Tindiromacula, Toxidium, Triactis, Tyrasotaenia, Vesicophycus, Warrawoonella, Biota
Subtaxa: Archaea Archaeoscillatoriopsis Archaeotrichion Bacteria Biocatenoides Brevitrichoides Eoleptonema Eomicrhystridium Namapoikia Primaevifilum Rhicnonema