Physogaleus contortus Gibbes 1847 (ground shark)

Euselachii - Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdonidae

Alternative combination: Galeocerdo contortus

Synonyms: Galeocerdo acutus Storms 1894, Galeocerdo productus Agassiz 1856, Galeocerdo triqueter Eastman 1904, Physodon triqueter Eastman 1904

Full reference: R. W. Gibbes. 1847. Monograph of the fossil Squalidae of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1(3):191-206

Belongs to Physogaleus according to J. Türtscher et al. 2021

See also Carrillo-Briceño et al. 2016, Cicimurri et al. 2025, Cicimurri et al. 2022, Clark 1895, Everaert et al. 2019, Gibbes 1847, Hay 1902, Jordan 1907, Jordan and Gilbert 1919, Jordan and Hanibal 1923, Kent 2018, Kocsis 2007, Landini et al. 2017, Landini et al. 2019, Leder 2013, Leriche 1942, Maisch IV et al. 2018, Maisch IV et al. 2025, Marramà et al. 2026, Purdy et al. 2001, Rapp 1946, Villafaña et al. 2020, Weiler 1938 and Woodward 1889

Sister taxa: Physogaleus alabamensis, Physogaleus cuvieri, Physogaleus hemmooriensis, Physogaleus latus, Physogaleus maltzani, Physogaleus onkensis, Physogaleus rosehillensis, Physogaleus secundus, Physogaleus tertius

Ecology: nektonic carnivore

Distribution:

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of United States (1: Florida collection)

• Miocene to Pliocene of United States (1: Florida)

• Miocene of Belgium (1), Cuba (1), Germany (1), Hungary (1), Italy (1), North Atlantic (1), Panama (9), Peru (6), United States (19: Delaware, Florida, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia), Venezuela (3)

• Oligocene of United States (4: Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina)

• Eocene of Ukraine (1), United States (1: Louisiana)

• Paleocene of United States (1: Virginia)

Total: 52 collections including 53 occurrences

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Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.


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