Subfamily Plethodontinae (lungless salamander)

Amphibia - Caudata - Urodela

Parent taxon: Plethodontidae according to R. Estes 1981

See also Holman 1967

Sister taxa: Aneides, Batrachoseps, Desmognathinae, Ensatina, Eurycea, Gyrinophilus, Hemidactylium, Manculus, Palaeoplethodon, Plethodon, Pseudotriton, Spelerpes, Stereochilus

Subtaxa: none

Ecology: amphibious carnivore

Distribution:

• Quaternary of United States (2: California collections)

Total: 2 collections each including a single occurrence

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