Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
Parent taxon: Columbellidae according to W. F. Ponder and A. Warén 1988
See also Grant, IV and Gale 1931 and Harris and Palmer 1947
Sister taxa: Aesopus, Alia, Astyris, Atiliinae, Bifurcium, Clavistrombina, Columbellinae, Columbellopsis, Conella, Cosmioconcha, Decipifus, Euplica, Eurypyrene, Glyptanachis, Graphicomassa, Indomitrella, Lavesopus, Mazatlania, Metulella, Microcithara, Mitrella, Nassarina, Nitidella, Parametaria, Parvanachis, Pyrene, Pyreninae, Retizafra, Rhombinella, Ruthia, Seminella, Sincola, Strombinella, Zafrona, Zemitrella
Subtaxa: Amphissa Tetrastomella
Ecology: epifaunal carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Mexico (12 collections), United States (73: California, Oregon)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of United States (2: California)
• Pliocene of United States (7: California)
• Miocene of Spain (1)
• Oligocene of United States (1: Washington)
• Eocene of Pakistan (1), United States (2: Washington)
• Paleocene of Nigeria (1)
Total: 100 collections including 109 occurrences