Subfamily Passalinae Leach 1815 (bess beetle)
Insecta - Coleoptera - Passalidae
Full reference: W. E. Leach. 1815. Entomology. The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 9:57-172
Parent taxon: Passalidae according to P. G. Allsopp and P. Schoolmeesters 2026
See also Bouchard et al. 2011, Cai et al. 2022, Lawrence and Newton 1995, Reyes-Castillo 1977 and Santos et al. 2020
Sister taxon: Aulacocyclinae
Subtaxa: Macrolinini Passalini
Type: Passalus
Ecology:
Distribution: