Parent taxon: Proetida according to J. C. Lamsdell and P. A. Selden 2015
Sister taxa: Bathyuridae, Bathyuroidea, Cammingella, Dimeropygidae, Huanoproetus, Hystricuridae, Niachangella, Parapalebralia, Phaselops, Proetoidea, Pusillaboles, Radonia, Sperginaspis, Tayanaella, Tekinia, Telephinidae, Vitaella
Subtaxa: none
Ecology: fast-moving low-level epifaunal deposit feeder
Distribution:
• Permian of China (2 collections), Indonesia (1), Japan (2), the Russian Federation (1), Thailand (1), Ukraine (1), United States (3: Alaska, Texas)
• Namurian of Australia (1)
• Osagean of United States (4: New Mexico, Tennessee)
• Carboniferous of Australia (10), Belgium (9), China (3), France (3), Germany (5), Ireland (2), Slovenia (3), Spain (3), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (15), United States (33: Alaska, Iowa, Kentucky, Missouri, New Mexico, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas)
• Daleje of the Czech Republic (1)
• Devonian of Australia (27), Austria (1), Belgium (3), Bolivia (2), Canada (18: Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon), China (9), Colombia (2), the Czech Republic (46), France (8), Germany (19), Italy (3), Morocco (46), Poland (1), the Russian Federation (2), Spain (6), United States (14: Alaska, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania), Uzbekistan (2), Vietnam (1)
• Silurian to Devonian of United States (1: Oklahoma)
• Silurian of Algeria (1), Australia (7), Austria (1), Canada (44: Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon Territory), China (7), the Czech Republic (44), Estonia (2), Greenland (3), Ireland (1), Italy (1), Latvia (2), Morocco (3), Poland (1), Tajikistan (2), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (15), United States (22: Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Wisconsin), Uzbekistan (1)
• Ordovician to Silurian of Canada (1: Québec)
• Ordovician of Belgium (2), Canada (10: Northwest Territories, Quebec), China (6), Estonia (1), Ireland (5), New Zealand (1), Norway (22), Portugal (2), the Russian Federation (3), Spain (4), Sweden (4), the United Kingdom (20), United States (17: Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, Nevada, Oklahoma, Virginia)
• Llandeilo of the United Kingdom (1)
• Whiterockian of Norway (1), United States (3: New York)
• Arenig of France (1)
• Arenigian of China (1)
Total: 579 collections including 761 occurrences