Synonym: Pinnacea Leach 1819 [replaced name]
Parent taxon: Malleidina according to J. G. Carter et al. 2011
See also Anelli et al. 2006, Bieler and Mikkelsen 2006, Bouchet et al. 2010, Coan et al. 2000, Dockery 1982, Griffin et al. 2008, Nevesskaja 2009, Newell 1965, Ride et al. 1999, Squires 1984, Stilwell et al. 2004 and Vokes 1980
Sister taxa: Posidonioidea, Pterineidae, Pterioidea, Rhombopterioidea
Subtaxa: Pinnidae
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Australia (3 collections), Belgium (1), Costa Rica (1), Haiti (1), Jamaica (1), Japan (1), Jordan (1), Kenya (1), Mexico (1), Morocco (1), New Zealand (1), Panama (1), Saudi Arabia (2), South Africa (1), United States (18: Florida, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina), Uruguay (1), Venezuela (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Ecuador (1), Mexico (1)
• Pliocene of Belgium (7), Colombia (2), the Dominican Republic (2), Ecuador (3), Greece (1), Holy See (Vatican City State) (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), Jamaica (2), Mexico (1), New Zealand (1), Pakistan (3), Spain (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (4: California, Florida), Venezuela (5)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Aruba (1), the Dominican Republic (1), United States (1: California)
• Miocene of Anguilla (1), Argentina (9), Austria (5), Bulgaria (1), Chile (9), Colombia (1), Denmark (1), the Dominican Republic (1), Ecuador (1), France (2), Germany (20), Haiti (1), India (5), Indonesia (4), Italy (6), Jamaica (1), Japan (2), Mexico (1), Morocco (4), the Netherlands (2), New Zealand (3), Panama (18), Poland (2), Portugal (1), Slovakia (2), Sri Lanka (2), Trinidad and Tobago (2), United States (17: California, Florida, Maryland, North Carolina), Venezuela (3)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (1)
• Oligocene of Argentina (2), Austria (1), France (1), Japan (1), New Zealand (3), Romania (1), United States (14: California, Mississippi)
• Eocene of Antarctica (2), Argentina (3), Belgium (3), Colombia (1), Egypt (2), France (1), Germany (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), Japan (1), Mexico (4), New Zealand (2), Nigeria (1), Panama (1), Peru (2), Romania (4), Turkey (1), the United Kingdom (10), United States (71: Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas), Venezuela (1)
• Paleocene to Eocene of United States (1: North Carolina)
• Paleocene of Antarctica (8), Argentina (7), Denmark (6), Poland (1), United States (14: Alabama, California, Louisiana, New Jersey, Texas)
• Cretaceous of Afghanistan (1), Angola (1), Antarctica (13), Argentina (20), Australia (2), Austria (4), Belgium (1), Brazil (17), Bulgaria (1), Cameroon (4), Canada (4: Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories), Chile (5), Colombia (1), the Czech Republic (2), Denmark (3), Egypt (4), France (6), Gabon (1), Germany (15), India (4), Indian Ocean (1), Italy (1), Japan (10), Jordan (1), Madagascar (2), Mexico (4), Mozambique (6), the Netherlands (1), New Zealand (5), Niger (1), Nigeria (3), Poland (6), the Russian Federation (20), Serbia and Montenegro (1), South Africa (2), Spain (2), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (1), Switzerland (11), Tanzania (1), Turkey (1), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (12), United States (106: Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah)
• Jurassic of Antarctica (1), Argentina (35), Bulgaria (1), Canada (19: Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon), Chile (88), China (4), Egypt (1), Ethiopia (2), France (34), Germany (39), Greenland (66), Hungary (1), India (25), Iran (4), Italy (1), Japan (4), Jordan (8), Kenya (2), Luxembourg (3), Madagascar (2), Mexico (5), New Zealand (1), Poland (9), Portugal (19), Romania (10), the Russian Federation (5), Saudi Arabia (21), Somalia (1), Spain (81), Sweden (1), Switzerland (5), Tanzania (17), Thailand (1), Tunisia (3), the United Kingdom (56), United States (36: Alaska, California, Montana, Utah, Wyoming), Vietnam (1), Yemen (1)
• Triassic of Austria (6), Chile (2), China (3), Germany (2), Hungary (6), Indonesia (5), Iran (20), Israel (1), Italy (16), Japan (6), New Zealand (2), Pakistan (1), Romania (1), the Russian Federation (1), Slovakia (1), Slovenia (2), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (1), United States (20: Alaska, California, Nevada)
• Permian of China (2), Germany (2), Indonesia (1), Iran (1), Italy (1), Japan (2), Mexico (2), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (4), the United Kingdom (2), United States (37: Alaska, Arizona, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Wyoming)
• Carboniferous to Permian of United States (4: Texas)
• Carboniferous of Brazil (5), Peru (2), the United Kingdom (7), United States (69: Arizona, California, Indiana, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia)
Total: 1539 collections including 1642 occurrences