PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Phugatherium

Osteichthyes - Rodentia - Hydrochoeridae

Taxonomy

Phugatherium was named by Ameghino (1887). It is not extant.

It was assigned to Caviidae by Rovereto (1914); to Hydrochoeridae by Prado et al. (1998); and to Hydrochoerinae by Vucetich et al. (2015), Albright et al. (2019).

Species

Anchimysops dubius, Anchimysops radicei, P. cataclisticum (syn. Hydrochoerus lydekkeri, Protohydrochoerus rothi, Chapalmatherium irenense, Anchimysops villalobosi, Protohydrochoerus perturbidus, Neoanchimys pisanoi), P. dichroplax (syn. Neochoerus lancei, Neochoerus cordobai), P. novum (syn. Chapalmatherium saavedrai)

Species lacking formal opinion data

P. cataclysticum, P. saavedrai

Synonyms

Anchimysops was named by Kraglievich (1927). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Phugatherium by Vucetich et al. (2005); it was synonymized subjectively with Cardiatherium by Vucetich et al. (2014).

It was assigned to Hydrochoeridae by McKenna and Bell (1997), Prado et al. (1998).
Chapalmatherium was named by Ameghino (1908). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Phugatherium by Vucetich et al. (2014).

It was assigned to Proterotheriidae by Rovereto (1914); to Hydrochoeridae by MacFadden et al. (1993), McKenna and Bell (1997); and to Protohydrochoerinae by Prado et al. (1998).
Neoanchimys was named by Pascual and Bondesio (1961). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Phugatherium by Mones (1991).

It was assigned to Hydrochoeridae by McKenna and Bell (1997).
Protohydrochoerus was named by Rovereto (1914).

It was synonymized subjectively with Chapalmatherium by Prado et al. (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Phugatherium by Vucetich et al. (2014).

It was assigned to Caviidae by Rovereto (1914); and to Hydrochoeridae by McKenna and Bell (1997).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1887	Phugatherium Ameghino
1908	Chapalmatherium Ameghino
1914	Phugatherium Rovereto p. 140
1914	Protohydrochoerus Rovereto p. 140
1914	Chapalmatherium Rovereto p. 184
1927	Anchimysops Kraglievich
1961	Neoanchimys Pascual and Bondesio
1993	Chapalmatherium MacFadden et al. p. 235
1997	Anchimysops McKenna and Bell
1997	Chapalmatherium McKenna and Bell
1997	Neoanchimys McKenna and Bell
1997	Protohydrochoerus McKenna and Bell
1998	Chapalmatherium Prado et al. p. 793
1998	Anchimysops Prado et al. p. 796
1998	Phugatherium Prado et al. p. 796
2015	Phugatherium Vucetich et al.
2019	Phugatherium Albright et al. p. 165

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Euarchontoglires	Murphy et al. 2001
—	Gliriformes	Wyss and Meng 1996
—	Glires	()
—	Simplicidentata	()
order	Rodentia
—	Ctenohystrica	Huchon et al. 2000
infraorder	Hystricognathi	(Tullberg 1899)
—	Caviomorpha	(Wood and Patterson 1955)
superfamily	Cavioidea	Fischer de Waldheim 1817
family	Hydrochoeridae	Gill 1872
genus	Phugatherium	Ameghino 1887

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Phugatherium Ameghino 1887

show all | hide all

†Phugatherium cataclisticum Ameghino 1887

hide

Invalid names: Anchimysops villalobosi Kraglievich 1927 [objective synonym], Chapalmatherium irenense Reig 1958 [synonym], Hydrochoerus lydekkeri Moreno 1888 [synonym], Neoanchimys pisanoi Pascual and Bondesio 1961 [synonym], Protohydrochoerus perturbidus Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Protohydrochoerus rothi Rovereto 1914 [synonym]

†Phugatherium dichroplax Ahearn and Lance 1980

hide

Invalid names: Neochoerus cordobai Carranza-Castaneda and Miller 1989 [synonym], Neochoerus lancei Mones 1980 [synonym]

†Phugatherium novum Ameghino 1908

hide

Invalid names: Chapalmatherium saavedrai Hoffstetter et al. 1984 [synonym]

Invalid names: Anchimysops Kraglievich 1927 [synonym], Chapalmatherium Ameghino 1908 [synonym], Neoanchimys Pascual and Bondesio 1961 [synonym], Protohydrochoerus Rovereto 1914 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
M. G. Vucetich et al. 2015	The p4 with C3 well defined by deep h.2i. and h.3i. at least reaching 50% of the width of the tooth, equal in depth or h.3i. deeper; both within the pr.I (ahead the h.f.e.).