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Taxonomy
Archaeoceti was named by Flower (1883). It is not extant. It was considered paraphyletic by Fordyce and Roberts (2009).
It was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodontes by Hay (1902); it was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodontia by Gregory (1910); it was replaced with Zeuglodontes by Hay (1930); it was reranked as the order Archaeoceti by Benham (1937); it was reranked as the infraorder Archaeoceti by McKenna and Bell (1997), Bouetel and Muizon (2006); it was reranked as the unranked clade Archaeoceti by Winge (1921), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Gingerich (2019), Gingerich et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Zeuglodonta by Trouessart (1898); to Creodonta by Fraas (1904); to Cetacei by Jaekel (1911); to Odontoceti by Van Deinse (1931); to Cetacea by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Flower (1883), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1889), Cope (1890), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Zittel (1894), Parker and Haswell (1897), Gadow (1898), Case (1904), Andrews (1906), Abel (1919), Miller (1923), Zittel (1925), Portis (1925), Slijper (1936), Kellogg (1936), Simpson (1945), Harland et al. (1967), Mchedlidze (1970), McKenna (1975), Whitmore and Sanders (1977), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Barnes et al. (1985), Kumar and Sahni (1985), Hooker (1986), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Uhen (1996), Kohler and Fordyce (1997), Rice (1998), Bergqvist et al. (1999), Uhen (2001), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Uhen (2004), Gingerich (2005), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Gingerich (2007), McLeod and Barnes (2008), Gingerich et al. (2009), Fordyce and Roberts (2009), Fitzgerald (2010), Bianucci and Gingerich (2011), Gingerich (2012), El-kheir et al. (2013), Hautier et al. (2014), Gingerich and Zouhri (2015), Gingerich (2015), Gao and Ni (2015), Mahdy et al. (2019); and to Cetacea by Winge (1921), Benham (1937), Hernández Cisneros et al. (2017), Gingerich (2019), Gingerich et al. (2022).
It was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodontes by Hay (1902); it was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodontia by Gregory (1910); it was replaced with Zeuglodontes by Hay (1930); it was reranked as the order Archaeoceti by Benham (1937); it was reranked as the infraorder Archaeoceti by McKenna and Bell (1997), Bouetel and Muizon (2006); it was reranked as the unranked clade Archaeoceti by Winge (1921), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Gingerich (2019), Gingerich et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Zeuglodonta by Trouessart (1898); to Creodonta by Fraas (1904); to Cetacei by Jaekel (1911); to Odontoceti by Van Deinse (1931); to Cetacea by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Flower (1883), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1889), Cope (1890), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Zittel (1894), Parker and Haswell (1897), Gadow (1898), Case (1904), Andrews (1906), Abel (1919), Miller (1923), Zittel (1925), Portis (1925), Slijper (1936), Kellogg (1936), Simpson (1945), Harland et al. (1967), Mchedlidze (1970), McKenna (1975), Whitmore and Sanders (1977), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Barnes et al. (1985), Kumar and Sahni (1985), Hooker (1986), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Uhen (1996), Kohler and Fordyce (1997), Rice (1998), Bergqvist et al. (1999), Uhen (2001), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Uhen (2004), Gingerich (2005), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Gingerich (2007), McLeod and Barnes (2008), Gingerich et al. (2009), Fordyce and Roberts (2009), Fitzgerald (2010), Bianucci and Gingerich (2011), Gingerich (2012), El-kheir et al. (2013), Hautier et al. (2014), Gingerich and Zouhri (2015), Gingerich (2015), Gao and Ni (2015), Mahdy et al. (2019); and to Cetacea by Winge (1921), Benham (1937), Hernández Cisneros et al. (2017), Gingerich (2019), Gingerich et al. (2022).
Subtaxa