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Batoidea (ray)
Taxonomy
Batoidea was named as an order. It is extant.
It was reranked as the superorder Batoidea by Herman (1979); it was synonymized subjectively with Batomorphii by Cappetta (1987); it was reranked as the unranked clade Batoidea by Long (2011).
It was assigned to Euselachiformes by Case (1978); to Chondrichthyes by Lancaster (1986); to Elasmobranchii by Herman (1979), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Goodwin et al. (1999); and to Neoselachii by Long (2011).
It was reranked as the superorder Batoidea by Herman (1979); it was synonymized subjectively with Batomorphii by Cappetta (1987); it was reranked as the unranked clade Batoidea by Long (2011).
It was assigned to Euselachiformes by Case (1978); to Chondrichthyes by Lancaster (1986); to Elasmobranchii by Herman (1979), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Goodwin et al. (1999); and to Neoselachii by Long (2011).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1978 | Batoidea Case p. 195 |
| 1979 | Batoidea Herman p. 64 |
| 1981 | Batoidea Thurmond and Jones p. 69 |
| 1986 | Batoidea Lancaster p. 125 |
| 1999 | Batoidea Goodwin et al. p. 731 |
| 2011 | Batoidea Long p. 242 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Batoidea [ray]
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Superfm. †Rhinobatoidea
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G. †Cristomylus Kirkland et al. 2013
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†Cristomylus bulldogensis Kirkland et al. 2013
†Cristomylus cifellii Kirkland et al. 2013
†Cristomylus leptostemma Wynd et al. 2020
†Cristomylus nelsoni Kirkland et al. 2013
Or. Torpediniformes [electric ray]
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Fm. Narcinidae Gill 1862 [numbfish]
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G. Benthobatis Alcock 1898
G. Discopyge Heckel 1846 [apron ray]
G. Narcine Henle 1834
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†Narcine olisiponensis Jonet 1968
Invalid names: Cyclonarce Gill 1862 [synonym], Gonionarce Gill 1862 [synonym], Syrraxis Bonaparte 1841 [synonym]
G. †Titanonarke de Carvalho 2010
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†Titanonarke megapterygia Marramà et al. 2018
†Titanonarke molini Jaekel 1894
Superfm. †Narcinoidea
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G. Heteronarce Regan 1921
Fm. Narkidae Fowler 1934 [sleeper ray]
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G. Bengalichthys Bengalichthys 1909
G. Narke Kaup 1826
G. Temera Gray 1831 [finless sleeper ray]
G. Typhlonarke Waite 1909 [blind electric ray]
Fm. Torpedinidae [torpedo]
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G. †Eotorpedo White 1934
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†Eotorpedo hilgendorfi Jaekel 1904
†Eotorpedo jaekeli White 1934
†Eotorpedo nolfi Herman 1974
†Eotorpedo zennaroi Cappetta 1988
G. †Hypnarce Waite 1902
G. †Narcacion Klein 1775
G. †Tetronarce Gill 1862
G. Torpedo Houttuyn 1764 [torpedo]
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†Torpedo acarinata Adnet 2006
†Torpedo brasiliensis Olfers 1831
†Torpedo gigantea de Blainville 1818
†Torpedo pessanti Adnet 2006
Invalid names: Eunarce Fowler 1910 [synonym], Fimbriotorpedo Fritsch 1886 [synonym], Gymnotorpedo Fritsch 1886 [synonym], Narcobatus [synonym], Notastrape Whitley 1932 [synonym], Tetronarcine Tanaka 1908 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pristiformes [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available