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Hibolithes
Taxonomy
Hibolithes was named by Mayer-Eymar (1883) [Sepkoski's age data: J Bajo-l K Ceno-l Sepkoski's reference number: 308,868]. Its type is Belemnites hastatus.
It was reranked as Belemnopsis (Hibolites) by Anderson (1938); it was reranked as Belemnites (Hibolites) by Delattre (1952); it was corrected as Hibolites by Civitelli et al. (1991), Sepkoski (2002).
It was assigned to Belemnopsis by Anderson (1938); to Belemnites by Delattre (1952); to Belemnopseidae by Mutterlose (1986), Doyle and Kelly (1988), Civitelli et al. (1991); to Belemnitida by Gardner and Campbell (1997), Sepkoski (2002); and to Mesohibolitidae by Mutterlose and Wiedenroth (2008), Janssen (2010).
It was reranked as Belemnopsis (Hibolites) by Anderson (1938); it was reranked as Belemnites (Hibolites) by Delattre (1952); it was corrected as Hibolites by Civitelli et al. (1991), Sepkoski (2002).
It was assigned to Belemnopsis by Anderson (1938); to Belemnites by Delattre (1952); to Belemnopseidae by Mutterlose (1986), Doyle and Kelly (1988), Civitelli et al. (1991); to Belemnitida by Gardner and Campbell (1997), Sepkoski (2002); and to Mesohibolitidae by Mutterlose and Wiedenroth (2008), Janssen (2010).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1883 | Hibolithes Mayer-Eymar |
| 1936 | Pseudohibolites Bliithgen |
| 1938 | Belemnopsis (Hibolites) Anderson p. 230 |
| 1952 | Belemnites (Hibolites) Delattre |
| 1986 | Hibolithes Mutterlose p. 3 |
| 1988 | Hibolithes Doyle and Kelly p. 19 |
| 1991 | Hibolites Civitelli et al. |
| 1997 | Hibolithes Gardner and Campbell p. 488 |
| 2002 | Hibolites Sepkoski |
| 2008 | Hibolithes Mutterlose and Wiedenroth p. 819 |
| 2010 | Hibolithes Janssen p. 665 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Hibolithes Mayer-Eymar 1883
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†Hibolithes beyrichi Oppel 1857
†Hibolithes catlinensis Hector 1878
†Hibolithes hastatus Blainville 1808
†Hibolithes jaculiformis Shvetsov 1913
†Hibolithes semihastatus de Blainville 1827
†Hibolithes semisulcatus Münster 1830
†Hibolithes subfusiformis Raspail 1829
Invalid names: Pseudohibolites Bliithgen 1936 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| P. Doyle and S. R. A. Kelly 1988 | Small to large sized, hastate Belemnopsidae. The outline and profile are symmetrical and hastate . The position of maximum inflation is generally in the apieal third of the rostrum. The ape x may be acu te , or obtuse and rounded . Transverse sections of the rostrum are usually circular, but in some species they may be weakly depressed or moderately compressed, subcircular to elliptical . The ape x is devoid of grooves. There is a prominent ventrai alveol ar groove, which is usu all y deep and well-defined, underlain by a splitting surface . In the type species this gro ove extends down into the stem region ; in other species it may be longer or shorter than this norm, and in some eases it may be much reduced. Lateral lines are present as Doppellinien, which oceur all along the flanks of the rostrum, although fading out adapically. Doppellinien may merge adorally into a single, central depression. The phragmocone penetrates one fifth or one sixth of the rostrum, and the apical line is ortholineate . | |
| J. Mutterlose and K. Wiedenroth 2008 | Guards are elongate, variable in length and outline. They are slender to club-shaped, having a clavate or hastate outline. The guards are overall round in cross section, but they can be slightly depressed (dorsoventrally) or compressed (laterally). The maximum diameter is generally close to the apex. The alveolar groove is very variable in length and width, it may extend well over the position of the protoconch. |