| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Sphenodontia
Taxonomy
Sphenodonti was named by Jaekel (1910). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Reynoso (2000).
It was reranked as the suborder Sphenodonti by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the suborder Sphenodontia by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1966), Reynoso (2000), Simon and Kellner (2003), Apesteguía (2005), Herrera-Flores et al. (2018), Sues and Schoch (2021); it was reranked as the suborder Sphenodontina by Kuhn (1946); it was corrected as Sphenodontia by Benton (1985), Reynoso (1996), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Apesteguía and Rougier (2007); it was misspelled as Spheodontia by Sepkoski (2002); it was reranked as the unranked clade Sphenodontia by Apesteguia et al. (2012), Villa et al. (2021), Simões et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Protorosauria by Jaekel (1910); to Protorosauri by Jaekel (1911); to Reptilia by Sepkoski (2002); to Lepidosauria by Benton (1985), Reynoso (1996), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004); to Rhynchocephalia by Villa et al. (2021); to Rhynchocephalia by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1946), Kuhn (1966), Reynoso (2000), Simon and Kellner (2003), Apesteguía (2005), Apesteguia et al. (2012), Herrera-Flores et al. (2018), Sues and Schoch (2021); and to Lepidosauria by Apesteguía and Rougier (2007), Simões et al. (2022).
It was reranked as the suborder Sphenodonti by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the suborder Sphenodontia by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1966), Reynoso (2000), Simon and Kellner (2003), Apesteguía (2005), Herrera-Flores et al. (2018), Sues and Schoch (2021); it was reranked as the suborder Sphenodontina by Kuhn (1946); it was corrected as Sphenodontia by Benton (1985), Reynoso (1996), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Apesteguía and Rougier (2007); it was misspelled as Spheodontia by Sepkoski (2002); it was reranked as the unranked clade Sphenodontia by Apesteguia et al. (2012), Villa et al. (2021), Simões et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Protorosauria by Jaekel (1910); to Protorosauri by Jaekel (1911); to Reptilia by Sepkoski (2002); to Lepidosauria by Benton (1985), Reynoso (1996), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004); to Rhynchocephalia by Villa et al. (2021); to Rhynchocephalia by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1946), Kuhn (1966), Reynoso (2000), Simon and Kellner (2003), Apesteguía (2005), Apesteguia et al. (2012), Herrera-Flores et al. (2018), Sues and Schoch (2021); and to Lepidosauria by Apesteguía and Rougier (2007), Simões et al. (2022).
Synonyms
|
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1910 | Sphenodonti Jaekel p. 332 |
| 1910 | Homoeosauri Jaekel p. 333 |
| 1911 | Sphenodonti Jaekel p. 145 |
| 1937 | Sphenodontia Roxo p. 44 |
| 1946 | Sphenodontina Kuhn p. 62 |
| 1966 | Sphenodontia Kuhn p. 36 |
| 1985 | Sphenodontia Benton p. 157 |
| 1988 | Sphenodonta Carroll |
| 1996 | Sphenodontia Reynoso |
| 2000 | Sphenodontia Reynoso |
| 2002 | Spheodontia Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Sphenodonta Meyer and Zardoya |
| 2003 | Sphenodontia Simon and Kellner p. 1 |
| 2004 | Sphenodontia Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260 |
| 2005 | Sphenodontia Apesteguía |
| 2007 | Sphenodontia Apesteguía and Rougier p. 3 |
| 2012 | Sphenodontia Apesteguia et al. p. 345 fig. 5 |
| 2018 | Sphenodontia Herrera-Flores et al. |
| 2021 | Sphenodontia Sues and Schoch |
| 2021 | Sphenodontia Villa et al. |
| 2022 | Sphenodontia Simões et al. |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Sphenodontia Jaekel 1910
show all | hide all
Infraor. †Eusphenodontia Herrera-Flores et al. 2018
+
Fm. †Clevosauridae Fraser 1993
+
G. †Clevosaurus Swinton 1939
+
†Clevosaurus bairdi Sues et al. 1994
†Clevosaurus brasiliensis Bonaparte and Sues 2006
†Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble et al. 2018
†Clevosaurus convallis Saila 2005
†Clevosaurus hadroprodon Hsiou et al. 2019
†Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton 1939
†Clevosaurus minor Fraser 1988
†Clevosaurus sectumsemper Klein et al. 2015
Invalid names: Clevosaurus mcgilli Wu 1994 [nomen dubium], Clevosaurus wangi Wu 1994 [nomen dubium], Dianosaurus Young 1982 [synonym], Dianosaurus petilus Young 1982 [nomen dubium]
G. †Microsphenodon Chambi-Trowell et al. 2021
+
†Microsphenodon bonapartei Chambi-Trowell et al. 2021
Unr. †Neosphenodontia Herrera-Flores et al. 2018
+
Fm. Homoeosauridae Gervais 1852
+
G. †Homoeosaurus Meyer 1850
+
†Homoeosaurus macrodactylus Wagner 1854
†Homoeosaurus maximiliani von Meyer 1847
+
Invalid names: Homoeosaurus jourdani Lortet 1892 [synonym]
†Homoeosaurus parvipes Cocude-Michel 1963
†Homoeosaurus rhodani Lortet 1892
†Homoeosaurus solnhofensis Cocude-Michel 1963
†Homoeosaurus struckmanni Broili 1925
Invalid names: Stelliosaurus Jourdan 1862 [synonym]
Fm. †Pleurosauridae Lydekker 1888
+
G. †Pleurosaurus Meyer
+
†Pleurosaurus ginsburgi Fabre 1974
†Pleurosaurus goldfussi von Meyer 1831
+
Invalid names: Anguisaurus bipes Münster 1839 [synonym], Anguisaurus minor Wagner 1860 [synonym], Anguisaurus munsteri Wagner 1858 [synonym]
Invalid names: Anguisaurus Münster 1839 [synonym], Saurophidium Jourdan 1862 [synonym]
Invalid names: Acrosauridae Meyer 1861 [synonym]
Fm. †Saphaeosauridae Nopcsa 1923
+
G. †Kallimodon Cocude-Michel 1963
+
†Kallimodon cerinensis Cocude-Michel 1963
†Kallimodon pulchellus Zittel 1887
G. †Sapheosaurus von Meyer 1850
+
†Sapheosaurus thiollierei von Meyer 1851
+
Invalid names: Sauranodon incisivus Jourdan 1862 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sauranodon Jourdan 1862 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sauranodontidae Lortet 1892 [synonym]
G. †Lamarquesaurus Apesteguía and Rougier 2007
+
†Lamarquesaurus cabazai Apesteguía and Rougier 2007
G. †Planocephalosaurus Fraser 1982
+
†Planocephalosaurus lucasi Heckert 2004
†Planocephalosaurus robinsonae Fraser 1982
G. †Tingitana Evans and Sigogneau-Russell 1997
+
†Tingitana anoualae Evans and Sigogneau-Russell 1997
Invalid names: Homoeosauria Jaekel 1910 [synonym], Sauranodonti Marsh 1879 [empty], Sphenodonta [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available