Cladosictis centralis was named by Ameghino (1902). Its type specimen is MACN 11639, a partial skull (rostral fragment with virtually complete palate, but no teeth), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Gran Barranca - southern cliff of lake Colhué Huapí, which is in a Colhuehuapian terrestrial horizon in the Sarmiento Formation of Argentina.