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Ichthyosauridae
Taxonomy
Ichthyosauridae was named by Bonaparte (1841). It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Bennett et al. (2012).
It was synonymized subjectively with Proteosauridae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Sauria by d'Orbigny (1849); to Enaliosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); to Latipinnati by McGowan (1974); to Ichthyopterygia by Cope (1871), Cope (1875), Günther (1886), Lydekker (1889), Carroll (1988); to Ichthyosauroidea by McGowan and Motani (2003); to Thunnosauria by Maisch (2010); to Ichthyosauria by Appleby (1967), Fernández (1997), Storrs et al. (2000), Bennett et al. (2012); to Ichthyosauria by Merriam (1908), Lomax and Massare (2015); and to Parvipelvia by Lomax et al. (2017).
It was synonymized subjectively with Proteosauridae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Sauria by d'Orbigny (1849); to Enaliosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); to Latipinnati by McGowan (1974); to Ichthyopterygia by Cope (1871), Cope (1875), Günther (1886), Lydekker (1889), Carroll (1988); to Ichthyosauroidea by McGowan and Motani (2003); to Thunnosauria by Maisch (2010); to Ichthyosauria by Appleby (1967), Fernández (1997), Storrs et al. (2000), Bennett et al. (2012); to Ichthyosauria by Merriam (1908), Lomax and Massare (2015); and to Parvipelvia by Lomax et al. (2017).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1841 | Ichthyosauridae Bonaparte |
| 1849 | Ichthyosauridae d'Orbigny p. 209 |
| 1850 | Ichthyosauridae Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1871 | Ichthyosauridae Cope p. 235 |
| 1875 | Ichthyosauridae Cope p. 15 |
| 1886 | Ichthyosauridae Günther p. 442 |
| 1889 | Ichthyosauridae Lydekker p. 6 |
| 1908 | Ichthyosauridae Merriam p. 88 |
| 1967 | Ichthyosauridae Appleby p. 137 |
| 1974 | Ichthyosauridae McGowan p. 6 |
| 1988 | Ichthyosauridae Carroll |
| 1997 | Ichthyosauridae Fernández p. 480 |
| 2000 | Ichthyosauridae Storrs et al. p. 196 |
| 2003 | Ichthyosauridae McGowan and Motani |
| 2010 | Ichthyosauridae Maisch |
| 2012 | Ichthyosauridae Bennett et al. |
| 2015 | Ichthyosauridae Lomax and Massare |
| 2017 | Ichthyosauridae Lomax et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Ichthyosauridae Bonaparte 1841
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G. †Ichthyosaurus Koenig 1818
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†Ichthyosaurus acutirostris Owen 1840
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Invalid names: Ichthyosaurus crassimanus Tate and Blake 1876 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus longifrons Owen 1881 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus longipennis Mantell 1851 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus microdon Wagner 1851 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus zetlandicus Seeley 1880 [synonym]
†Ichthyosaurus anningae Lomax and Massare 2015
†Ichthyosaurus breviceps Owen 1881
†Ichthyosaurus communis Conybeare 1821
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Invalid names: Ichthyosaurus chiroparamekostinus Hawkins 1834 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus chiropolyostinus Hawkins 1834 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus fortimanus Owen 1884 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus intermedius Conybeare 1822 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus latimanus Owen 1840 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus polyostinus Hawkins 1840 [synonym]
†Ichthyosaurus conybeari Lydekker 1888
†Ichthyosaurus entheciodon Hulke 1871
†Ichthyosaurus enthekiodon Hulke 1871
†Ichthyosaurus extremus Boulenger 1904
†Ichthyosaurus larkini Lomax and Massare 2017
†Ichthyosaurus longimanus Owen 1884
†Ichthyosaurus longipes von Wurstemberger 1876
†Ichthyosaurus somersetensis Lomax and Massare 2017
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Invalid names: Ichthyosaurus paramecostinus Hawkins 1840 [replaced]
†Ichthyosaurus tenuirostris Conybeare 1822
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Invalid names: Ichthyosaurus chirostrongulostinus Hawkins 1834 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus grandipes Sharpe 1830 [synonym]
†Ichthyosaurus trigonodon Theodori 1843
†Ichthyosaurus triscissus Quenstedt 1856
Invalid names: Eurypterygius Jaekel 1904 [synonym], Gryphus Wagler 1830 [synonym], Ichthyosaurus aduncus Quenstedt 1885 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus advena Phillips 1871 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus aequalis Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus amalthei Quenstedt 1856 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus angustidens Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus arietis Fraas 1891 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus bambergensis Bauer 1901 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus biscissus Wurstemberger 1876 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus bodenbenderi Dames 1893 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus bonneyi Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus brachyspondylus Owen 1881 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus californicus Camp 1942 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus ceramensis Martin 1888 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus chalarodeirus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus coniformis Harlan 1824 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus crassicostatus Theodori 1854 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus cuvieri Valenciennes 1861 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus dilatatus Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus franciscanus Camp 1942 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus giganteus Leach 1840 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus hectori Lydekker 1889 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus hexagonus Theodori 1854 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus hildesiensis Koken 1883 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus hygrodeirus Seeley 1969 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus immanis Phillipi 1895 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus indicus Lydekker 1879 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus kokeni Broili 1908 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus lacunosae Quenstedt 1885 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus latifrons Konig 1825 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus leucopetraeus Burmeister and Giebel 1862 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus nasimowii Fahrenkohl 1856 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus normanniae Valenciennes 1861 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus numismalis Fraas 1892 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus ovalis Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus planartus Theodori 1854 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus platymerus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ichthyosaurus posthumus Wagner 1851 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus psilonoti Fraas 1891 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus quenstedti Zittel 1890 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus saladensis Rusconi 1948 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus sanjuanensis Rusconi 1949 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus sinuatus Theodori 1854 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus steleodon Bogolubow 1909 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus thyreospondylus Owen 1840 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus torrei Torre and Cuervo 1939 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus torulosi Quenstedt 1885 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus trigonus Owen 1840 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus walkeri Seeley 1869 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus zollerianus Quenstedt 1858 [nomen dubium], Protoichthyosaurus prosostealis Appleby 1979 [nomen dubium], Tibetosaurus Dong 1982 [nomen dubium], Tibetosaurus tingjiensis Young et al. 1982 [nomen dubium]
G. †Protoichthyosaurus Appleby 1979
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†Protoichthyosaurus applebyi Lomax et al. 2017
†Protoichthyosaurus prostaxalis Appleby 1979
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. M. Appleby 1967 | Latipinnate Ichthyosauria with teeth along the whole length of the alveolar groove. Teeth not differentiated. Humerus articulated with two or three bones distally, the middle bone when present being the intermedius.
Hettangian to Coniacian-Maestrictian. Europe, USSR, North America, South America, India, and Australia. |