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Bothriolepidiformes

Placodermi - Bothriolepidiformes

Taxonomy
Bothriolepidiformes is an order.

It was assigned to Antiarchi by van der Laan (2019).

Subtaxa
Bothriolepididae (syn. Bothriolepidae), Dianolepididae (syn. Jiangxilepidae, Wudinolepidae), Microbrachiidae, Tubalepididae
Entered
by P. Novack-Gottshall on 2025-07-21; modified by P. Novack-Gottshall on 2025-07-21

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2019Bothriolepidiformes van der Laan p. 28

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
classPlacodermiM'Coy 1848
—Antiarchi(Cope 1885)
orderBothriolepidiformes
orderBothriolepidiformes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Fm. †Bothriolepididae Cope 1886
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G. †Bothriolepis Eichwald 1840
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†Bothriolepis africana Long et al. 1997
†Bothriolepis alvesiensis Stensio 1948
†Bothriolepis amankonyrica Malinovskaya 1988
†Bothriolepis antarctica Woodward 1921
†Bothriolepis askinae Young 1988
†Bothriolepis babichevi Malinovskaya 1992
†Bothriolepis barretti Young 1988
†Bothriolepis canadensis Whiteaves 1880
†Bothriolepis cellulosa Pander 1846
†Bothriolepis ciecere Lyarskaia 1974
†Bothriolepis cristata Traquair 1895
†Bothriolepis curonica Gross 1942
†Bothriolepis dairbhrensis Dupret et al. 2023
†Bothriolepis dorakarasugensis Moloshnikov 2009
†Bothriolepis evaldi Lyarskaya 1986
†Bothriolepis extensa Sergienko 1961
†Bothriolepis favosa Agassiz 1844
†Bothriolepis gigantea Miles 1968
†Bothriolepis grenfellensis Johanson 1997
†Bothriolepis hayi Miles 1968
†Bothriolepis heckeri Lukševičs 2001
†Bothriolepis hicklingi Miles 1968
†Bothriolepis hydrophila Agassiz 1844
†Bothriolepis jani Luksevics 1986
†Bothriolepis jarviki Stensio 1948
†Bothriolepis karawaka Young 1988
†Bothriolepis kassini Malinovskaya 1988
†Bothriolepis kohni Young 1988
†Bothriolepis leptocheira Traquair 1893
†Bothriolepis lohesti Leriche 1931
†Bothriolepis longi Johanson and Young 1999
†Bothriolepis macrocephala Egerton 1862
†Bothriolepis maeandrina Hoffman 1911
†Bothriolepis major Agassiz 1844
†Bothriolepis markovskii Moloshnikov 2010
†Bothriolepis mawsoni Young 1988
†Bothriolepis maxima Gross 1933
†Bothriolepis nielseni Stensio 1948
†Bothriolepis nikitinae Malinovskaya 1988
†Bothriolepis nitida Leidy 1856
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Invalid names: Bothriolepis coloradensis Eastman 1904 [synonym], Bothriolepis darbiensis Denison 1951 [synonym], Bothriolepis minor Newberry 1889 [synonym]
†Bothriolepis niushoushanensis Pan et al. 1980
†Bothriolepis obesa Traquair 1888
†Bothriolepis ornata Eichwald 1840
†Bothriolepis panderi Lahusen 1880
†Bothriolepis paradoxa Agassiz 1845
†Bothriolepis pavariensis Lyarskaia 1974
†Bothriolepis perija Young and Moody 2002
†Bothriolepis prima Gross 1942
†Bothriolepis rex Downs et al. 2016
†Bothriolepis siberica Obruchev 1941
†Bothriolepis sibirica Obruchev 1941
†Bothriolepis sosnensis Moloshnikov 2003
†Bothriolepis tastenica Malinovskaya 1988
†Bothriolepis tatongensis Long and Werdelin 1986
†Bothriolepis taylori Miles 1968
†Bothriolepis traquairi Bryant 1924
†Bothriolepis tungseni Chang 1965
†Bothriolepis turanica Obruchev 1939
†Bothriolepis virginiensis Weems et al. 1981
†Bothriolepis volongensis Luksevics and Sorokin 1999
†Bothriolepis vuwae Young 1988
†Bothriolepis warreni Long 1983
†Bothriolepis wilsoni Miles 1968
†Bothriolepis yeungae Johanson 1998
†Bothriolepis zhujiangyuanensis Xian et al. 2025
Invalid names: Stenacanthus Leidy 1856 [synonym]
G. †Briagalepis Long et al. 1990
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†Briagalepis warreni Long et al. 1990
G. †Chahuaqingolepis Liu et al. 2023
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†Chahuaqingolepis magniporus Liu et al. 2023
G. †Grossilepis Stensiö 1948
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†Grossilepis brandi Miles 1968
†Grossilepis rikiki Olive 2015
†Grossilepis spinosa Gross 1942
G. †Houershanaspis Lu et al. 2017
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†Houershanaspis zhangi Lu et al. 2017
G. †Livnolepis Moloshnikov 2008
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†Livnolepis heckeri Moloshnikov and Linkevich 2017
†Livnolepis zadonica Obruchev 1983
G. †Monarolepis Young 1988
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†Monarolepis verrucosa Young 1988
G. †Vietnamaspis Long et al. 1990
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†Vietnamaspis trii Long et al. 1990
G. †Wufengshania Pan et al. 2018
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†Wufengshania magniforaminis Pan et al. 2018
Invalid names: Bothriolepidae Cope 1886 [synonym]
Fm. †Dianolepididae Long 1983
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G. †Dianolepis Chang 1965
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†Dianolepis liui Chang 1965
G. †Jiangxilepis Zhang and Liu 1991
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†Jiangxilepis longibrachius Zhang and Liu 1991
G. †Kirgisolepis Panteleyev 1992
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†Kirgisolepis karabaltaensis Panteleyev 1992
Invalid names: Jiangxilepidae Zhang and Liu 1991 [synonym], Tenizolepidinae Moloshnikov 2012 [invalid subgroup], Wudinolepidae Chang 1965 [synonym]
Fm. †Microbrachiidae Stensiö 1931
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G. †Hohsienolepis P’an and Wang 1978
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†Hohsienolepis hsintuensis P’an and Wang 1978
G. †Microbrachius Traquair 1888
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†Microbrachius chuandongensis Wang and Zhang 1999
†Microbrachius dicki Traquair 1888
†Microbrachius kedoae den Blaauwen et al. 2018
Fm. †Tubalepididae Moloshnikov 2011
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G. †Tongdulepis Luo et al. 2025
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†Tongdulepis concavus Luo et al. 2025
G. †Tubalepis Panteleyev and Moloshnikov 2003
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†Tubalepis extensa Sergienko 1961
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available