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Palaeoniscoidei

Palaeonisciformes

Taxonomy

Palaeoniscoidei is a suborder. It is not extant.

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Actinopterygii by Patterson (1982).

It was assigned to Palaeonisciformes by Schaeffer (1967), Daly (1973), Nelson (2006).

Subtaxa

Amblypteridae, Birgeriidae, Dicellopygidae, Lawrenciella, Muensterichthys, Palaeoniscidae, Pygopteridae, Rhabdolepidae, Rhadinichthyidae, Zhejiangichthys

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1967	Palaeoniscoidei Schaeffer
1973	Palaeoniscoidei Daly p. 564
2006	Palaeoniscoidei Nelson p. 91

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata

Rank	Name	Author
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
superclass	Actinopterygii	()
order	Palaeonisciformes	Hay 1902
suborder	Palaeoniscoidei
suborder	Palaeoniscoidei

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. †Palaeoniscoidei

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Fm. †Amblypteridae

G. †Lawnia Wilson 1953

†Lawnia taylorensis Wilson 1953

G. †Tchekardichthys Prokofiev 2005

†Tchekardichthys sharovi Prokofiev 2005

G. †Tholonosteon Beltan 1977

†Tholonosteon santacatarinae Beltan 1977

Fm. †Birgeriidae Berg 1940

G. †Birgeria Stensiö 1919

†Birgeria acuminata Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Saurichthys listroconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym], Saurichthys longiconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym]

†Birgeria aldingeri Romano et al. 2017

†Birgeria americana Romano et al. 2017

†Birgeria costata Münster 1839

†Birgeria groenlandica Stensiö 1932

†Birgeria guizhouensis Liu et al. 2006

†Birgeria liui Jin 2001

†Birgeria mougeoti Agassiz 1843

†Birgeria nielseni Lehman 1948

†Birgeria stensioei Aldinger 1931

†Birgeria velox Jordan 1907

Invalid names: Severnichthys Storrs 1994 [nomen dubium], Xenesthes Jordan 1907 [replaced]

Fm. †Dicellopygidae Romer 1945

G. †Brachydegma Dunkle 1939

†Brachydegma caelatum Dunkle 1939

G. †Lawrenciella Poplin 1984

†Lawrenciella schaefferi Poplin 1984

G. †Muensterichthys Schaumberg 1989

†Muensterichthys buergeri Schaumberg 1989

Fm. †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852

G. †Alvinichthys Esin 1995

†Alvinichthys curtus Krotov 1904

G. †Ambodipia Beltan 1968

†Ambodipia madagascariensis Beltan 1968

G. †Apateolepis Woodward 1890

†Apateolepis australis Woodward 1890

G. †Canobius Traquair 1881

†Canobius elegantulus Traquair 1881

†Canobius ramsayi Traquair 1881

G. †Carboveles White 1927

G. †Cryphiolepis Traquair 1881

†Cryphiolepis striatus Traquair 1881

G. †Cycloptychius Young 1866

†Cycloptychius bidens Matveeva 1958

†Cycloptychius carbonarius Young 1866

†Cycloptychius concentricus Traquair 1881

†Cycloptychius loocki Evans 2005

G. †Dicellopyge Brough 1931

†Dicellopyge lissocephalus Brough 1931

Invalid names: Helichthys draperi Smith-Woodward 1893 [synonym]

†Dicellopyge macrodentata Brough 1931

Invalid names: Helichthys tenuis Broom 1913 [synonym]

G. †Ferganiscus Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999

†Ferganiscus osteolepis Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999

G. †Ganolepis Woodward 1893

†Ganolepis gracilis Woodward 1893

G. †Gonatodus Traquair 1877

†Gonatodus brainerdi Thomas 1853

†Gonatodus punctatus Agassiz 1835

†Gonatodus toilliezi Koninck 1878

G. †Grygorichthys Esin 1990

†Grygorichthys murchisoni Fischer von Waldheim 1842

G. †Guizhouniscus Liu 2003

†Guizhouniscus microlepidus Liu 2003

G. †Gyrolepis Agassiz 1833

†Gyrolepis albertii Agassiz 1834

Invalid names: Gyrolepis maximus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Gyrolepis tenuistriatus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]

†Gyrolepis biplicatus Münster 1841

†Gyrolepis giganteus Agassiz 1835

†Gyrolepis ornatus Giebel 1848

†Gyrolepis quenstedti Dames 1888

†Gyrolepis rankinii Agassiz 1844

G. †Holurus Traquair 1881

†Holurus fulcratus Traquair 1881

†Holurus parki Traquair 1881

G. †Koinichthys Esin 1996

†Koinichthys ivachenkoi Nurgaliev et al. 2015

G. †Myriolepis Egerton 1864

†Myriolepis clarkei Egerton 1864

†Myriolepis hibernica Traquair 1893

†Myriolepis latus Woodward 1890

G. †Nematoptychius Traquair 1875

†Nematoptychius greenocki Traquair 1866

G. †Oxygnathus Egerton 1854

†Oxygnathus browni Broom 1913

†Oxygnathus egertoni Egerton 1858

†Oxygnathus ornatus Egerton 1854

Invalid names: Thrissonotus colei Agassiz 1843 [synonym]

Invalid names: Pteroniscus Berg 1949 [nomen nudum]

G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818

†Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864

†Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886

†Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856

†Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913

†Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998

†Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885

†Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829

†Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818

Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]

†Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880

†Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900

†Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886

†Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868

†Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877

†Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871

†Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818

Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]

†Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862

†Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833

†Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857

†Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841

Invalid names: Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864 [valid], Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998 [valid], Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885 [valid], Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829 [valid], Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880 [valid], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900 [valid], Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868 [valid], Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877 [valid], Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871 [valid], Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862 [valid], Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833 [valid], Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857 [valid], Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841 [valid], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]

G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818

†Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864

†Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886

†Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856

†Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913

†Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998

†Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885

†Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829

†Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818

Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]

†Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880

†Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900

†Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886

†Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868

†Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877

†Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871

†Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818

Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]

†Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862

†Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835

†Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833

†Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857

†Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841

G. †Paraeurynotus Obruschev 1962

†Paraeurynotus chabakovi Obruschev 1962

G. †Rhadinoniscus White 1937

†Rhadinoniscus wrighti White 1937

G. †Sixtelia Sytchevskaya 1999

†Sixtelia asiatica Sytchevskaya 1999

G. †Strepheoschema White 1927

†Strepheoschema fouldenensis White 1927

G. †Suchonichthys Minikh 2001

†Suchonichthys molini Minikh 2001

G. †Tegeolepis Miller 1892

†Tegeolepis clarki Newberry 1888

†Tegeolepis clarkii Newberry 1888

Invalid names: Actinophorus Newberry 1888 [synonym]

G. †Trachelacanthus Fisher von Waldheim 1850

†Trachelacanthus stschurovskii Fisher von Waldheim 1850

G. †Turfania Liu and Ma 1973

†Turfania taoshuyuanensis Liu and Ma 1973

†Turfania vartus Wang 1979

G. †Turseodus Leidy 1857

†Turseodus acutus Leidy 1857

†Turseodus dolorensis Schaeffer 1967

G. †Wayaobulepis Su 1999

†Wayaobulepis zichangensis Su 1999

Invalid names: Isodus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Isodus leptognathus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Semionotus brodei Newton 1887 [nomen dubium]

Fm. †Pygopteridae Aldinger 1937

G. †Briveichthys Štamberg and Steyer 2021

†Briveichthys chantepieorum Štamberg and Steyer 2021

G. †Itararichthys Beltan 1977

†Itararichthys microphthalmus Beltan 1977

G. †Pygopterus Agassiz 1833

†Pygopterus bonnardi Agassiz 1833

†Pygopterus concavus Henry 1876

†Pygopterus crecelii Wilser 1923

†Pygopterus degeeri Stensiö 1921

†Pygopterus gleerupi Aldinger 1937

†Pygopterus greenockii Agassiz 1843

†Pygopterus humboldti Agassiz 1833

Invalid names: Pygopterus mandibularis Agassiz 1839 [synonym]

†Pygopterus jamesoni Agassiz 1843

†Pygopterus latus Egerton 1850

†Pygopterus lucius Agassiz 1833

†Pygopterus nielseni Aldinger 1937

†Pygopterus scoticus Agassiz 1833

†Pygopterus sculptus Agassiz 1843

G. †Zaborichthys Štamberg 1989

†Zaborichthys fragmentalis Štamberg 1989

Fm. †Rhabdolepidae

G. †Grandfieldia Daly 1973

†Grandfieldia callilepidota Daly 1973

Fm. †Rhadinichthyidae Romer 1945

G. †Akanichthys Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980

†Akanichthys minusculus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980

†Akanichthys shevtshenkoi Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980

G. †Cyranorhis Lund and Poplin 1997

†Cyranorhis bergeraci Lund and Poplin 1997

G. †Eurylepidoides Case 1935

†Eurylepidoides socialis Case 1935

G. †Mentzichthys Jubb 1965

†Mentzichthys jubbi Gardiner 1969

†Mentzichthys maraisi Gardiner 1969

†Mentzichthys theroni Gardiner 1969

†Mentzichthys walshi Jubb 1965

G. †Pteronisculus White 1933

†Pteronisculus aldingeri Nielsen 1942

†Pteronisculus arambourgi Lehman 1952

†Pteronisculus arcticus Schultze et al. 2021

Invalid names: Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym], Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym]

†Pteronisculus broughi Lehman 1952

†Pteronisculus changae Ren and Xu 2021

†Pteronisculus cicatrosus White 1933

†Pteronisculus gunnari Nielsen 1942

†Pteronisculus gyrolepidoides Stensiö 1921

†Pteronisculus laetus Gardiner 1966

†Pteronisculus macropterus White 1933

†Pteronisculus magna Nielsen 1942

†Pteronisculus meiringi Gardiner and Jubb 1975

†Pteronisculus nevadanus Romano et al. 2019

†Pteronisculus nielseni Xu et al. 2014

†Pteronisculus stensioi Nielsen 1942

Invalid names: Glaucolepis Stensiö 1921 [replaced]

G. †Rhadinichthys Traquair 1877

†Rhadinichthys alberti Jackson 1851

Invalid names: Canobius modulus Dawson 1877 [synonym]

†Rhadinichthys angustulus Traquair 1881

†Rhadinichthys argentinicus Tornquist 1904

†Rhadinichthys brevis Traquair 1877

†Rhadinichthys cairnsii Jackson 1851

†Rhadinichthys canobiensis Traquair 1909

Invalid names: Rhadinichthys delicatulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys elegantulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys geikiei Traquair 1881 [synonym]

†Rhadinichthys carinatus Agassiz 1835

Invalid names: Rhadinichthys tenuicauda Traquair 1877 [synonym]

†Rhadinichthys ferox Traquair 1877

†Rhadinichthys flexuosus Yankevich and Minikh 1998

†Rhadinichthys formosus Traquair 1904

†Rhadinichthys glabrolepis Elliott 2018

†Rhadinichthys gracilis Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Rhadinichthys grossarti Traquair 1878

†Rhadinichthys hancocki Atthey 1875

†Rhadinichthys hibernicus Traquair 1914

†Rhadinichthys laevis Traquair 1911

†Rhadinichthys leidyianus Lea 1858