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Pugilina
Taxonomy
Pugilina was named by Schumacher (1817) [Sepkoski's age data: T Than R Sepkoski's reference number: 614]. It is extant. Its type is Murex morio.
It was reranked as Melongena (Pugilina) by Vredenburg (1923), Oostingh (1935), Mukerjee (1939); it was reranked as Volema (Pugilina) by Eames (1952).
It was assigned to Melongena by Vredenburg (1923), Oostingh (1935), Mukerjee (1939); to Volema by Eames (1952); to Melongeninae by Adegoke (1977); to Melongeniinae by Wilson (1994); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); and to Melongenidae by Ladd (1977), Harzhauser et al. (2009), Vermeij and Lozouet (2012), Darragh (2017).
It was reranked as Melongena (Pugilina) by Vredenburg (1923), Oostingh (1935), Mukerjee (1939); it was reranked as Volema (Pugilina) by Eames (1952).
It was assigned to Melongena by Vredenburg (1923), Oostingh (1935), Mukerjee (1939); to Volema by Eames (1952); to Melongeninae by Adegoke (1977); to Melongeniinae by Wilson (1994); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); and to Melongenidae by Ladd (1977), Harzhauser et al. (2009), Vermeij and Lozouet (2012), Darragh (2017).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1817 | Pugilina Schumacher |
| 1923 | Melongena (Pugilina) Vredenburg p. 64 |
| 1935 | Melongena (Pugilina) Oostingh p. 84 |
| 1939 | Melongena (Pugilina) Mukerjee p. 64 |
| 1952 | Volema (Pugilina) Eames p. 98 |
| 1977 | Pugilina Adegoke p. 176 |
| 1977 | Pugilina Ladd p. 51 |
| 1994 | Pugilina Wilson p. 75 |
| 2002 | Pugilina Sepkoski |
| 2009 | Pugilina Harzhauser et al. p. 351 |
| 2012 | Pugilina Vermeij and Lozouet p. 83 |
| 2017 | Pugilina Darragh p. 72 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Pugilina Schumacher 1817
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†Melongena (Pugilina) ickei Martin 1906
†Melongena (Pugilina) muriciformis Cossmann and Pissarro 1909
†Melongena (Pugilina) ponderosa Martin 1895
†Melongena (Pugilina) praeparadisiaca Vredenburg 1923
†Melongena (Pugilina) praeponderosa Vredenburg 1921
Melongena (Pugilina) pugilina Born 1778
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†Melongena (Pugilina) pugilina madjalengkensis Martin 1895
†Melongena (Pugilina) pugilina rex Martin 1895
Subg. †Pugilina (Mayeria) Bellardi 1872
†Pugilina ditropis Bayan 1870
†Pugilina eulactea Dey 1961
†Pugilina fasciata Schumacher 1817
Pugilina morio Linnaeus 1758
†Volema (Pugilina) superspinosa Eames 1952
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aptian to the top of the Pliocene or 121.40000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Collections (37 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Mayeria magna (1746) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | India | Melongena muriciformis (42880) | |
| Lutetian | Pakistan | Volema superspinosa (183847) | |
| Priabonian | Bulgaria (Kyustendil) | Volema subcarinata (102407) | |
| Priabonian | Bulgaria | Volema bonnetensis, Volema subcarinata (103739) Volema subcarinata (103740 103742) | |
| Priabonian | Australia (Western Australia) | P. sp. (205816) | |
| Priabonian | Bulgaria (Kurdzhali) | Volema subcarinata (102406) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | France (Essonne) | P. pyrulina (9269) | |
| Rupelian | Myanmar | Melongena praeponderosa (76590) | |
| Chattian | Myanmar | Melongena ickei (76589) Melongena praeponderosa (76588) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | India | Hemifusus eulacteus (72033) Melongena praeponderosa (76573 76574) | |
| Burdigalian | India (Gujarat) | P. eulactea (179086) | |
| Burdigalian | India | P. eulactea (111230) | |
| Burdigalian | Italy | P. crassicostata, P. acutissima (178108) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Japan (Fukui ) | P. mimasakaensis (176560) | |
| Langhian | Japan | P. sazanami (44959 44960 44970) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Indonesia (Borneo) | P. ickei (42339) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Marshall Islands | P. swartzi (77986) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Pakistan | Melongena ponderosa (77133 77134 77136 77141 77153 77154) | |
| Messinian | Dominican Republic | P. sp. (94099 131374) | |
| Pliocene | Indonesia | Melongena pugilina (84517 84519 84520 84533) |