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Lachryma
Taxonomy
Lachryma was named by Gray (1832) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-l T Mi-m Sepkoski's reference number: 899].
It was synonymized subjectively with Proterato (Sulcerato) by Vaught et al. (1989); it was reranked as Erato (Lachryma) by Okutaini (2000).
It was assigned to Erato by Okutaini (2000); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Eratoinae by Cernohorsky (1971), Beu et al. (1990) and Bouchet (2015).
It was synonymized subjectively with Proterato (Sulcerato) by Vaught et al. (1989); it was reranked as Erato (Lachryma) by Okutaini (2000).
It was assigned to Erato by Okutaini (2000); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Eratoinae by Cernohorsky (1971), Beu et al. (1990) and Bouchet (2015).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1832 | Lachryma Gray |
| 1971 | Lachryma Cernohorsky p. 105 |
| 1990 | Lachryma Beu et al. p. 408 |
| 2000 | Erato (Lachryma) Okutaini p. 243 |
| 2002 | Lachryma Sepkoski |
| 2015 | Lachryma Bouchet |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Lachryma Gray 1832
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Erato (Lachryma) gallinacea Hinds 1844
Lachryma bimaculata Tate 1877
†Lachryma senectus Murdoch 1924
†Lachryma submorosa Laws 1935
Lachryma sulcifera Sowerby 1832
†Lachryma vulcania Marwick 1926
†Lachryma waitakiensis Laws 1935
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| W. O. Cernohorsky 1971 | Shell very small, biconic, smooth or granulose, occasionally with a dorsal groove, spire broad and projecting, labial lip convex and slightly reflected; aperture lateral, narrow and oblique, lips dentate, posterior columellar denticles often obsolete, fossula moderately concave. Anterior of columellar lip with 2-3 stronger plications not separated from the columellar denticles. Unicoloured or banded, anterior extremity often violet. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: superf = superfamily, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Kaiatan to the top of the Holocene or 39.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 36.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 36.7 Ma
Collections (8 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kaiatan | New Zealand | Proterato vulcania (67839) | |
| Kaiatan | New Zealand (South Island) | Erato vulcania (205813) | |
| Runangan | New Zealand | Proterato vulcania (64814) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand | Proterato waitakiensis (67860) | |
| Otaian | New Zealand (Auckland) | Cypraeerato submorosa (84915) | |
| Altonian | New Zealand | Proterato senectus (67897) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Erato gallinacea (88886) | |
| Holocene | Seychelles | Erato sulcifera (96926) |