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Parophiurina
Taxonomy
Parophiura was named by Jaekel (1923). It is not extant.
It was reranked as the suborder Parophiurina by Spencer and Wright (1966), Jell and Theron (1999), Boczarowski (2001), Blake (2013), Smith et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Stenuroidea by Blake (2013); and to Stenurida by Spencer and Wright (1966), Jell and Theron (1999), Boczarowski (2001), Smith et al. (2025).
It was reranked as the suborder Parophiurina by Spencer and Wright (1966), Jell and Theron (1999), Boczarowski (2001), Blake (2013), Smith et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Stenuroidea by Blake (2013); and to Stenurida by Spencer and Wright (1966), Jell and Theron (1999), Boczarowski (2001), Smith et al. (2025).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1966 | Parophiurina Spencer and Wright p. U81 |
| 1999 | Parophiurina Jell and Theron p. 157 |
| 2001 | Parophiurina Boczarowski p. 12 |
| 2013 | Parophiurina Blake p. 367 |
| 2025 | Parophiurina Smith et al. p. 1144 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. †Parophiurina Jaekel 1923
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Fm. †Palaeuridae Spencer 1951
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G. †Umerophiura Boczarowski 2001
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†Umerophiura daki Smith et al. 2025
†Umerophiura opiparia Boczarowski 2001
†Umerophiura umera Boczarowski 2001
Invalid names: Antiquasteridae Kesling 1971 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Aberhan 1992, Bambach et al. 2007 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Emsian to the top of the Serpukhovian or 410.62000 to 323.40000 Ma
Collections (5 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Emsian | Germany | Medusaster rhenanus (26904) | |
| Emsian | Poland (Kielecki) | Umerophiura opiparia (94469) | |
| Eifelian | Poland (Swietokrzyskie) | Umerophiura umera (94509) | |
| Givetian | USA (Ohio) | Antiquaster magrumi (38462) | |
| Serpukhovian | USA (Indiana) | Umerophiura daki (276564) |