PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Marginifera (Arenaria) echinata

Strophomenata - Productida

Taxonomy

Marginifera echinata was named by Waagen (1884). It is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Nilawan, basal Lower Productus-limestone, Salt Range, which is in a Wordian shoreface sandstone in the Amb Formation of Pakistan.

It was recombined as Marginifera (Arenaria) echinata by Chen and Shi (2006).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

M. chuchuhuai, M. cristobalensis, M. grandis, M. gratiosa, M. himalayaensis, M. manzanica, M. mapingensis, M. opima, M. pusilla, M. texana, M. transversa, M. typica, M. wabashenis, Productus gerassimovi, Productus gratiosus, Productus gratiosus, Productus helicus, Productus helicus, Productus wanneri

Synonyms

Marginifera quadrata was named by Reed (1944).

It was synonymized subjectively with Marginifera echinata by Grant (1968).
Marginifera khairliensis was named by Reed (1944). Its type specimen is GSI 16870, a shell, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Path to Dhok Khairli, Nilawan gorge, Salt Range, which is in a Wordian marine horizon in the Amb Formation of Pakistan.

It was synonymized subjectively with Marginifera echinata by Grant (1968).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1884	Marginifera echinata Waagen pp. 727-728 figs. Pl 75, figs 7-8; Pl 78, fig 1
1944	Marginifera quadrata Reed p. 89 figs. Pl 20, figs 17-20
1944	Marginifera khairliensis Reed p. 94 figs. Pl 19, figs 25-27
1968	Marginifera echinata Grant p. 25 figs. Pl 7, figs 5a-c; text-figs 18,19
2006	Marginifera (Arenaria) echinata Chen and Shi p. 143

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Productida	Sarycheva and Sokolskaya 1959
suborder	Productidina
superfamily	Marginiferoidea	(Stehli 1954)
tribe	Marginiferini
genus	Marginifera
subgenus	Arenaria
species	echinata	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Marginifera (Arenaria) echinata Waagen 1884

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Invalid names: Marginifera khairliensis Reed 1944 [synonym], Marginifera quadrata Reed 1944 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean	minimum	maximum	median	s.d.
shell height	3	9.25	8.00	11.0	9.00	1.53
valve height	1	6.75	-	-	-	-

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationarysubo

Attached:

yesp

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalsubo

Diet:

suspension feedersubo

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2018-11-10 17:08:41

Modified:

2018-11-10 17:08:41

Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013, Williams et al. 2000

Age range: base of the Wordian to the top of the Capitanian or 266.90000 to 259.51000 Ma

Collections (18 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Pakistan	Marginifera echinata (90254 109267 109268 109306 125799 125801 125819 125827) Marginifera echinata, Marginifera khairliensis (125803) Marginifera echinata, Marginifera quadrata (125804 125852) Marginifera quadrata (125802 125805 125822 125854 125859)
Capitanian	264.28 - 259.51	Pakistan	Marginifera echinata (109286 109309)