PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Paraclupeidae

Osteichthyes - Ellimmichthyiformes - Paraclupeidae

Taxonomy

Paraclupeidae was named by Chang and Chou (1977). Its type is Scutatuspinosus.

It was assigned to Ellimmichthyoidei by Nelson et al. (2016); to Ellimichthyoidei by van der Laan (2019); and to Ellimmichthyiformes by Forey et al. (2003), Alvarado-Ortega and Ovalles-Damián (2008), Bannikov (2015), Marramà and Carnevale (2023), Than-Marchese et al. (2024).

Subtaxa

Ellimichthys, Ellimmichthyinae, Ellimminae, Eoellimmichthys, Paraclupeinae, Scutatuspinosinae, Scutatuspinosus (type genus), Thorectichthyinae, Thorectichthys, Triplomystus, Tycheroichthys

Synonyms

Ellimmichthyidae was named by Grande (1982).

It was synonymized subjectively with Paraclupeidae by Nelson et al. (2016), van der Laan (2019).

It was assigned to Ellimmichthyiformes by Grande (1982).
Scutatuspinosinae was named by Santos and Corréa (1985).

It was reranked as the family Scutatuspinosidae by Vernygora et al. (2016); it was considered an invalid subgroup of Paraclupeidae by van der Laan (2019).

It was assigned to Paraclupeidae by Nelson et al. (2016); and to Ellimmichthyiformes by Vernygora et al. (2016).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1977	Paraclupeidae Chang and Chou
1982	Ellimmichthyidae Grande p. 5
1985	Scutatuspinosinae Santos and Corréa
2003	Paraclupeidae Forey et al. p. 228
2008	Paraclupeidae Alvarado-Ortega and Ovalles-Damián p. 54
2015	Paraclupeidae Bannikov p. 211
2016	Paraclupeidae Nelson et al. p. 164
2016	Scutatuspinosinae Nelson et al. p. 164
2016	Scutatuspinosidae Vernygora et al. p. 332
2019	Paraclupeidae van der Laan p. 64
2023	Paraclupeidae Marramà and Carnevale p. 20
2024	Paraclupeidae Than-Marchese et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Actinopterygii	()

Rank	Name	Author
infraclass	Actinopteri	()
—	Teleosteomorpha
—	Teleostei	(Müller 1846)
—	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
superorder	Clupeomorpha
order	Ellimmichthyiformes
family	Paraclupeidae	Chang and Chou 1977
family	Paraclupeidae	Chang and Chou 1977

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Paraclupeidae Chang and Chou 1977

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G. †Ellimichthys Jordan and Gilbert 1919

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†Ellimmichthys goodi Eastman 1912

Invalid names: Diplomystus elberti Weiler 1922 [synonym], Ellimma guineensis Gayet 1989 [synonym]

†Ellimmichthys longicostatum Cope 1880

†Ellimmichthys longicostatus Cope 1885

G. †Eoellimmichthys Marramà et al. 2019

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†Eoellimmichthys superstes Marramà et al. 2019

Subfm. †Paraclupeinae Chang and Chou 1977

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G. †Ezkutuberezi Poyato-Ariza et al. 2000

†Ezkutuberezi carmeni Poyato-Ariza et al. 2000

G. †Paraclupea Sun 1956

†Paraclupea pietrarojae Marramà and Carnevale 2023

†Paraclupea seilacheri Alvarado-Ortega and Melgarejo-Damián 2017

G. †Rhombichthys Khalloufi et al. 2010

†Rhombichthys intoccabilis Khalloufi et al. 2010

G. †Scutatoclupea Bannikov 2015

†Scutatoclupea applegatei Alvarado-Ortega and Ovalles-Damián 2008

†Scutatoclupea bacchiai Bannikov 2015

G. †Scutatuspinosus Silva Santos and Correa 1985

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†Scutatuspinosus itapagipensis Silva Santos and Correa 1985

G. †Thorectichthys Murray and Wilson 2013

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†Thorectichthys fideli Than-Marchese et al. 2024

†Thorectichthys marocensis Murray and Wilson 2013

†Thorectichthys rhadinus Murray and Wilson 2013

G. †Triplomystus Forey et al. 2003

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†Triplomystus noorae Forey et al. 2003

†Triplomystus oligoscutatus Forey et al. 2003

G. †Tycheroichthys Hay et al. 2007

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†Tycheroichthys dunveganensis Hay et al. 2007

Invalid names: Ellimichthyidae Grande 1982 [synonym], Ellimmichthyinae [empty], Ellimminae [empty], Scutatuspinosinae Santos and Corréa 1985 [invalid subgroup], Thorectichthyinae [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektonico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Created:

2009-07-20 21:17:18

Modified:

2009-07-20 23:17:18

Source: o = order, subp = subphylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Valanginian to the top of the Ypresian or 137.05000 to 48.07000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 121.4 Ma

Collections (20 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Valanginian - Barremian	137.05 - 121.4	Spain (Biscay)	Ezkutuberezi carmeni (144740)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Mexico (Chiapas)	Triplomystus applegatei, Paraclupea sp. (68835)
Aptian - Albian	121.4 - 100.5	Equatorial Guinea	Diplomystus goodi (129869)
Early/Lower Albian	113.2 - 110.1	Italy (Benevento)	Paraclupea pietrarojae (127350 237947)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	Mexico (Chiapas)	Thorectichthys sp. (241349)
Middle Albian	110.1 - 106.3	Canada (Northwest Territories)	Foreyclupea loonensis (94490)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian	110.1 - 100.5	Mexico (Puebla)	Ellimmichthys sp. (80283) Paraclupea seilacheri (133991 221635 221636 221637 221638)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Mexico (Chiapas)	Paraclupeidae indet., Thorectichthys fideli (192074)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Palestine	Rhombichthys intoccabilis (11804)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Morocco (Er Rachida)	Ellimmichthys sp. (120457)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Canada (Alberta)	Tycheroichthys dunveganensis (125734)
Middle Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Lebanon	Scutatoclupea bacchiai (221634) Triplomystus noorae, Triplomystus oligoscutatus (124426)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Italy	Eoellimmichthys superstes (55239)